第2章

类别:其他 作者:John Milton字数:18466更新时间:19/01/04 09:49:23
TillconquerorDeathdiscoverthemscarcemen,Rowlinginbrutishvices,anddeformed,Violentorshamefuldeaththeirduereward。 But,iftherebeingloryaughtofgood; Itmaybemeansfardifferentbeattained,Withoutambition,war,orviolence—— Bydeedsofpeace,bywisdomeminent,Bypatience,temperance。ImentionstillHimwhomthywrongs,withsaintlypatienceborne,Madefamousinalandandtimesobscure; WhonamesnotnowwithhonourpatientJob? PoorSocrates,(whonextmorememorable?) Bywhathetaughtandsufferedforsodoing,Fortruth’ssakesufferingdeathunjust,livesnowEqualinfametoproudestconquerors。 Yet,ifforfameandgloryaughtbedone,Aughtsuffered——ifyoungAfricanforfameHiswastedcountryfreedfromPunicrage—— Thedeedbecomesunpraised,themanatleast,Andloses,thoughbutverbal,hisreward。 ShallIseekglory,then,asvainmenseek,Oftnotdeserved?Iseeknotmine,butHisWhosentme,andtherebywitnesswhenceIam。\" TowhomtheTempter,murmuring,thusreplied:—— \"Thinknotsoslightofglory,thereinleastResemblingthygreatFather。Heseeksglory,Andforhisgloryallthingsmade,allthingsOrdersandgoverns;norcontentinHeaven,ByallhisAngelsglorified,requiresGloryfrommen,fromallmen,goodorbad,Wiseorunwise,nodifference,noexemption。 Aboveallsacrifice,orhallowedgift,Gloryherequires,andgloryhereceives,Promiscuousfromallnations,Jew,orGreek,OrBarbarous,norexceptionhathdeclared; Fromus,hisfoespronounced,gloryheexacts。\" TowhomourSaviourferventlyreplied: \"Andreason;sincehisWordallthingsproduced,Thoughchieflynotforgloryasprimeend,Buttoshewforthhisgoodness,andimpartHisgoodcommunicabletoeverysoulFreely;ofwhomwhatcouldHelessexpectThangloryandbenediction——thatis,thanks—— Theslightest,easiest,readiestrecompenseFromthemwhocouldreturnhimnothingelse,And,notreturningthat,wouldlikeliestrenderContemptinstead,dishonour,obloquy? Hardrecompense,unsuitablereturnForsomuchgood,somuchbeneficience! Butwhyshouldmanseekglory,whoofhisownHathnothing,andtowhomnothingbelongsButcondemnation,ignominy,andshame—— Who,forsomanybenefitsreceived,TurnedrecreanttoGod,ingrateandfalse,Andsoofalltruegoodhimselfdespoiled; Yet,sacrilegious,tohimselfwouldtakeThatwhichtoGodaloneofrightbelongs? YetsomuchbountyisinGod,suchgrace,Thatwhoadvanceshisglory,nottheirown,Themhehimselftoglorywilladvance。\" SospaketheSonofGod;andhereagainSatanhadnottoanswer,butstoodstruckWithguiltofhisownsin——forhehimself,Insatiableofglory,hadlostall; Yetofanotherpleabethoughthimsoon:—— \"Ofglory,asthouwilt,\"saidhe,\"sodeem; Worthornotworththeseeking,letitpass。 ButtoaKingdomthouartborn——ordainedTosituponthyfatherDavid’sthrone,Bymother’ssidethyfather,thoughthyrightBenowinpowerfulhands,thatwillnotpartEasilyfrompossessionwonwitharms。 JudaeanowandallthePromisedLand,ReducedaprovinceunderRomanyoke,ObeysTiberius,norisalwaysruledWithtemperatesway:ofthavetheyviolatedTheTemple,ofttheLaw,withfoulaffronts,Abominationsrather,asdidonceAntiochus。Andthink’stthoutoregainThyrightbysittingstill,orthusretiring? SodidnotMachabeus。HeindeedRetireduntotheDesert,butwitharms; Ando’eramightykingsooftprevailedThatbystronghandhisfamilyobtained,Thoughpriests,thecrown,andDavid’sthroneusurped,WithModinandhersuburbsoncecontent。 Ifkingdommovetheenot,letmovetheezealAndduty——zealanddutyarenotslow,ButonOccasion’sforelockwatchfulwait: Theythemselvesratherareoccasionbest—— ZealofthyFather’shouse,dutytofreeThycountryfromherheathenservitude。 Soshaltthoubestfulfil,bestverify,TheProphetsold,whosungthyendlessreign—— Thehappierreignthesooneritbegins。 Reinthen;whatcanstthoubetterdothewhile?\" TowhomourSaviouranswerthusreturned:—— \"Allthingsarebestfulfilledintheirduetime; Andtimethereisforallthings,Truthhathsaid。 IfofmyreignPropheticWrithathtoldThatitshallneverend,so,whenbeginTheFatherinhispurposehathdecreed—— Heinwhosehandalltimesandseasonsrowl。 WhatifhehathdecreedthatIshallfirstBetriedinhumblestate,andthingsadverse,Bytribulations,injuries,insults,Contempts,andscorns,andsnares,andviolence,Suffering,abstaining,quietlyexpectingWithoutdistrustordoubt,thatHemayknowWhatIcansuffer,howobey?WhobestCansufferbestcando,bestreignwhofirstWellhathobeyed——justtrialereImeritMyexaltationwithoutchangeorend。 ButwhatconcernsittheewhenIbeginMyeverlastingKingdom?WhyartthouSolicitous?Whatmovesthyinquisition? Know’stthounotthatmyrisingisthyfall,Andmypromotionwillbethydestruction?\" TowhomtheTempter,inlyracked,replied:—— \"Letthatcomewhenitcomes。AllhopeislostOfmyreceptionintograce;whatworse? Forwherenohopeisleftisleftnofear。 Iftherebeworse,theexpectationmoreOfworsetormentsmethanthefeelingcan。 Iwouldbeattheworst;worstismyport,Myharbour,andmyultimaterepose,TheendIwouldattain,myfinalgood。 Myerrorwasmyerror,andmycrimeMycrime;whatever,foritselfcondemned,Andwillalikebepunished,whetherthouReignorreignnot——thoughtothatgentlebrowWillinglyIcouldfly,andhopethyreign,Fromthatplacidaspectandmeekregard,Ratherthanaggravatemyevilstate,WouldstandbetweenmeandthyFather’sire(WhoseireIdreadmorethanthefireofHell) AshelterandakindofshadingcoolInterposition,asasummer’scloud。 IfI,then,totheworstthatcanbehaste,Whymovethyfeetsoslowtowhatisbest? Happiest,bothtothyselfandalltheworld,Thatthou,whoworthiestart,shouldstbetheirKing! Perhapsthoulinger’stindeepthoughtsdetainedOftheenterprisesohazardousandhigh! Nowonder;for,thoughintheebeunitedWhatofperfectioncaninManbefound,Orhumannaturecanreceive,considerThylifehathyetbeenprivate,mostpartspentAthome,scarceviewedtheGalileantowns,AndonceayearJerusalem,fewdays’ Shortsojourn;andwhatthencecouldstthouobserve? Theworldthouhastnotseen,muchlessherglory,Empires,andmonarchs,andtheirradiantcourts—— Bestschoolofbestexperience,quickestinsightInallthingsthattogreatestactionslead。 Thewisest,unexperienced,willbeeverTimorous,andloth,withnovicemodesty(Ashewho,seekingasses,foundakingdom) Irresolute,unhardy,unadventrous。 ButIwillbringtheewherethousoonshaltquitThoserudiments,andseebeforethineeyesThemonarchiesoftheEarth,theirpompandstate—— SufficientintroductiontoinformThee,ofthyselfsoapt,inregalarts,Andregalmysteries;thatthoumay’stknowHowbesttheiroppositiontowithstand。\" Withthat(suchpowerwasgivenhimthen),hetookTheSonofGoduptoamountainhigh。 ItwasamountainatwhoseverdantfeetAspaciousplainoutstretchedincircuitwideLaypleasant;fromhissidetworiversflowed,Theonewinding,theotherstraight,andleftbetweenFairchampaign,withlessriversinterveined,Thenmeetingjoinedtheirtributetothesea。 Fertilofcorntheglebe,ofoil,andwine; Withherdsthepasturethronged,withflocksthehills; Hugecitiesandhigh-towered,thatwellmightseemTheseatsofmightiestmonarchs;andsolargeTheprospectwasthathereandtherewasroomForbarrendesert,fountainlessanddry。 Tothishighmountain-toptheTempterbroughtOurSaviour,andnewtrainofwordsbegan:—— \"Wellhavewespeeded,ando’erhillanddale,Forest,andfield,andflood,templesandtowers,Cutshortermanyaleague。Herethoubehold’stAssyria,andherempire’sancientbounds,AraxesandtheCaspianlake;thenceonAsfarasInduseast,Euphrateswest,Andoftbeyond;tosouththePersianbay,And,inaccessible,theArabiandrouth: Here,Nineveh,oflengthwithinherwallSeveraldays’journey,builtbyNinusold,Ofthatfirstgoldenmonarchytheseat,AndseatofSalmanassar,whosesuccessIsraelinlongcaptivitystillmourns; ThereBabylon,thewonderofalltongues,Asancient,butrebuiltbyhimwhotwiceJudahandallthyfatherDavid’shouseLedcaptive,andJerusalemlaidwaste,TillCyrussetthemfree;Persepolis,Hiscity,therethouseest,andBactrathere; Ecbatanaherstructurevastthereshews,AndHecatompylosherhunderdgates; ThereSusabyChoaspes,amberstream,Thedrinkofnonebutkings;oflaterfame,BuiltbyEmathianorbyParthianhands,ThegreatSeleucia,Nisibis,andthereArtaxata,Teredon,Ctesiphon,Turningwitheasyeye,thoumay’stbehold。 AllthesetheParthian(nowsomeagespastBygreatArsacesled,whofoundedfirstThatempire)underhisdominionholds,FromtheluxuriouskingsofAntiochwon。 Andjustintimethoucom’sttohaveaviewOfhisgreatpower;fornowtheParthiankingInCtesiphonhathgatheredallhishostAgainsttheScythian,whoseincursionswildHavewastedSogdiana;toheraidHemarchesnowinhaste。See,thoughfromfar,Histhousands,inwhatmartialequipageTheyissueforth,steelbowsandshaftstheirarms,Ofequaldreadinflightorinpursuit—— Allhorsemen,inwhichfighttheymostexcel; Seehowinwarlikemustertheyappear,Inrhombs,andwedges,andhalf-moons,andwings。\" Helooked,andsawwhatnumbersnumberlessThecitygatesoutpoured,light-armedtroopsIncoatsofmailandmilitarypride。 Inmailtheirhorsesclad,yetfleetandstrong,Prauncingtheirridersbore,theflowerandchoiceOfmanyprovincesfromboundtobound—— FromArachosia,fromCandaoreast,AndMargiana,totheHyrcaniancliffsOfCaucasus,anddarkIberiandales; FromAtropatia,andtheneighbouringplainsOfAdiabene,Media,andthesouthOfSusiana,toBalsara’shaven。 Hesawthemintheirformsofbattleranged,Howquicktheywheeled,andflyingbehindthemshotSharpsleetofarrowyshowersagainstthefaceOftheirpursuers,andovercamebyflight; Thefieldallironcastagleamingbrown。 Norwantedcloudsoffoot,nor,oneachhorn,Cuirassiersallinsteelforstandingfight,Chariots,orelephantsindorsedwithtowersOfarchers;noroflabouringpionersAmultitude,withspadesandaxesarmed,Tolayhillsplain,fellwoods,orvalleysfill,Orwhereplainwasraisehill,oroverlayWithbridgesriversproud,aswithayoke: Mulesafterthese,camelsanddromedaries,Andwaggonsfraughtwithutensilsofwar。 Suchforcesmetnot,norsowideacamp,WhenAgrican,withallhisnorthernpowers,BesiegedAlbracea,asromancestell,ThecityofGallaphrone,fromthencetowinThefairestofhersex,Angelica,Hisdaughter,soughtbymanyprowestknights,BothPaynimandthepeersofCharlemane。 Suchandsonumerouswastheirchivalry; AtsightwhereoftheFiendyetmorepresumed,AndtoourSaviourthushiswordsrenewed:—— \"Thatthoumay’stknowIseeknottoengageThyvirtue,andnoteverywaysecureOnnoslightgroundsthysafety,hearandmarkTowhatendIhavebroughttheehither,andshewAllthisfairsight。Thykingdom,thoughforetoldByProphetorbyAngel,unlessthouEndeavour,asthyfatherDaviddid,Thounevershaltobtain:predictionstillInallthings,andallmen,supposesmeans; Withoutmeansused,whatitpredictsrevokes。 ButsaythouwertpossessedofDavid’sthroneByfreeconsentofall,noneopposite,SamaritanorJew;howcouldstthouhopeLongtoenjoyitquietandsecureBetweentwosuchenclosingenemies,RomanandParthian?ThereforeoneoftheseThoumustmakesurethyown:theParthianfirst,Bymyadvice,asnearer,andoflateFoundablebyinvasiontoannoyThycountry,andcaptiveleadawayherkings,AntigonusandoldHyrcanus,bound,MaugretheRoman。ItshallbemytaskTorendertheetheParthianatdispose,Choosewhichthouwilt,byconquestorbyleague。 Byhimthoushaltregain,withouthimnot,ThatwhichalonecantrulyreinstalltheeInDavid’sroyalseat,histruesuccessor—— Deliveranceofthybrethren,thoseTenTribesWhoseoffspringinhisterritoryyetserveInHabor,andamongtheMedesdispersed: ThesonsofJacob,twoofJoseph,lostThuslongfromIsrael,serving,asofoldTheirfathersinthelandofEgyptserved,Thisoffersetsbeforetheetodeliver。 TheseiffromservitudethoushaltrestoreTotheirinheritance,then,nortillthen,ThouonthethroneofDavidinfullglory,FromEgypttoEuphratesandbeyond,Shaltreign,andRomeorCaesarnotneedfear。\" TowhomourSaviouransweredthus,unmoved:—— \"MuchostentationvainoffleshlyarmAndfragilearms,muchinstrumentofwar,Longinpreparing,soontonothingbrought,Beforemineeyesthouhastset,andinmyearVentedmuchpolicy,andprojectsdeepOfenemies,ofaids,battles,andleagues,Plausibletotheworld,tomeworthnaught。 MeansImustuse,thousay’st;predictionelseWillunpredict,andfailmeofthethrone! Mytime,Itoldthee(andthattimefortheeWerebetterfarthestoff),isnotyetcome。 Whenthatcomes,thinknotthoutofindmeslackOnmypartaughtendeavouring,ortoneedThypoliticmaxims,orthatcumbersomeLuggageofwarthereshewnme——argumentOfhumanweaknessratherthanofstrength。 Mybrethren,asthoucall’stthem,thoseTenTribes,Imustdeliver,ifImeantoreignDavid’strueheir,andhisfullsceptreswayTojustextentoverallIsrael’ssons! Butwhencetotheethiszeal?WherewasitthenForIsrael,orforDavid,orhisthrone,Whenthoustood’stuphistemptertotheprideOfnumberingIsrael——whichcostthelivesofthreescoreandtenthousandIsraelitesBythreedays’pestilence?SuchwasthyzealToIsraelthen,thesamethatnowtome。 Asforthosecaptivetribes,themselvesweretheyWhowroughttheirowncaptivity,felloffFromGodtoworshipcalves,thedeitiesOfEgypt,BaalnextandAshtaroth,Andalltheidolatriesofheathenround,Besidestheirotherworsethanheathenishcrimes; NorinthelandoftheircaptivityHumbledthemselves,orpenitentbesoughtTheGodoftheirforefathers,butsodiedImpenitent,andleftaracebehindLiketothemselves,distinguishablescarceFromGentiles,butbycircumcisionvain,AndGodwithidolsintheirworshipjoined。 ShouldIofthesethelibertyregard,Who,freed,astotheirancientpatrimony,Unhumbled,unrepentant,unreformed,Headlongwouldfollow,andtotheirgodsperhapsOfBethelandofDan?No;letthemserveTheirenemieswhoserveidolswithGod。 YetHeatlength,timetohimselfbestknown,RememberingAbraham,bysomewondrouscallMaybringthemback,repentantandsincere,AndattheirpassingcleavetheAssyrianflood,Whiletotheirnativelandwithjoytheyhaste,AstheRedSeaandJordanoncehecleft,WhentothePromisedLandtheirfatherspassed。 TohisduetimeandprovidenceIleavethem。\" SospakeIsrael’strueKing,andtotheFiendMadeanswermeet,thatmadevoidallhiswiles。 Sofaresitwhenwithtruthfalsehoodcontends。ParadiseRegained-book4ParadiseRegainedbyJohnMiltonBook4PerplexedandtroubledathisbadsuccessTheTempterstood,norhadwhattoreply,Discoveredinhisfraud,thrownfromhishopeSooft,andthepersuasiverhetoricThatsleekedhistongue,andwonsomuchonEve,Solittlehere,naylost。ButEvewasEve; Thisfarhisover-match,who,self-deceivedAndrash,beforehandhadnobetterweighedThestrengthhewastocopewith,orhisown。 But——asamanwhohadbeenmatchlessheldIncunning,over-reachedwhereleasthethought,Tosalvehiscredit,andforveryspite,Stillwillbetemptinghimwhofoilshimstill,Andnevercease,thoughtohisshamethemore; Orasaswarmoffliesinvintage-time,Aboutthewine-presswheresweetmustispoured,Beatoff,returnsasoftwithhummingsound; Orsurgingwavesagainstasolidrock,Thoughalltoshiversdashed,theassaultrenew,(Vainbattery!)andinfrothorbubblesend—— SoSatan,whomrepulseuponrepulseMetever,andtoshamefulsilencebrought,Yetgivesnoto’er,thoughdesperateofsuccess,Andhisvainimportunitypursues。 HebroughtourSaviourtothewesternsideOfthathighmountain,whencehemightbeholdAnotherplain,long,butinbreadthnotwide,Washedbythesouthernsea,andonthenorthToequallengthbackedwitharidgeofhillsThatscreenedthefruitsoftheearthandseatsofmenFromcoldSeptentrionblasts;thenceinthemidstDividedbyariver,offwhosebanksOneachsideanImperialCitystood,WithtowersandtemplesproudlyelevateOnsevensmallhills,withpalacesadorned,Porchesandtheatres,baths,aqueducts,Statuesandtrophies,andtriumphalarcs,Gardensandgroves,presentedtohiseyesAbovethehighthofmountainsinterposed—— Bywhatstrangeparallax,oropticskillOfvision,multipliedthroughair,orglassOftelescope,werecurioustoenquire。 AndnowtheTempterthushissilencebroke:—— \"ThecitywhichthouseestnootherdeemThangreatandgloriousRome,QueenoftheEarthSofarrenowned,andwiththespoilsenrichedOfnations。TheretheCapitolthouseest,AbovetherestliftinghisstatelyheadOntheTarpeianrock,hercitadelImpregnable;andthereMountPalatine,Theimperialpalace,compasshuge,andhighThestructure,skillofnoblestarchitects,Withgildedbattlements,conspicuousfar,Turrets,andterraces,andglitteringspires。 Manyafairedificebesides,morelikeHousesofgods——sowellIhavedisposedMyaeriemicroscope——thoumay’stbehold,Outsideandinsideboth,pillarsandroofsCarvedwork,thehandoffamedartificersIncedar,marble,ivory,orgold。 Thencetothegatescastroundthineeye,andseeWhatconfluxissuingforth,orenteringin: Praetors,proconsulstotheirprovincesHasting,oronreturn,inrobesofstate; Lictorsandrods,theensignsoftheirpower; Legionsandcohorts,turmsofhorseandwings; Orembassiesfromregionsfarremote,Invarioushabits,ontheAppianroad,OrontheAEmilian——somefromfarthestsouth,Syene,andwheretheshadowbothwayfalls,Meroe,Niloticisle,and,moretowest,TherealmofBocchustotheBlackmoorsea; FromtheAsiankings(andParthianamongthese),FromIndiaandtheGoldenChersoness,AndutmostIndianisleTaprobane,Duskfaceswithwhitesilkenturbantswreathed; FromGallia,Gades,andtheBritishwest; Germans,andScythians,andSarmatiansnorthBeyondDanubiustotheTauricpool。 AllnationsnowtoRomeobediencepay—— ToRome’sgreatEmperor,whosewidedomain,Inampleterritory,wealthandpower,Civilityofmanners,artsandarms,Andlongrenown,thoujustlymay’stpreferBeforetheParthian。Thesetwothronesexcept,Therestarebarbarous,andscarceworththesight,Sharedamongpettykingstoofarremoved; Thesehavingshewnthee,IhaveshewntheeallThekingdomsoftheworld,andalltheirglory。 ThisEmperorhathnoson,andnowisold,Oldandlascivious,andfromRomeretiredToCapreae,anislandsmallbutstrongOntheCampanianshore,withpurposethereHishorridlustsinprivatetoenjoy; CommittingtoawickedfavouriteAllpubliccares,andyetofhimsuspicious; Hatedofall,andhating。Withwhatease,Enduedwithregalvirtuesasthouart,Appearing,andbeginningnobledeeds,Might’stthouexpelthismonsterfromhisthrone,Nowmadeasty,and,inhisplaceascending,Avictor-peoplefreefromservileyoke! Andwithmyhelpthoumay’st;tomethepowerIsgiven,andbythatrightIgiveitthee。 Aim,therefore,atnolessthanalltheworld; Aimatthehighest;withoutthehighestattained,Willbefortheenositting,ornotlong,OnDavid’sthrone,beprophesiedwhatwill。\" TowhomtheSonofGod,unmoved,replied:—— \"NordoththisgrandeurandmajesticshewOfluxury,thoughcalledmagnificence,Morethanofarmsbefore,alluremineeye,Muchlessmymind;thoughthoushould’staddtotellTheirsumptuousgluttonies,andgorgeousfeastsOncitrontablesorAtlanticstone(ForIhavealsoheard,perhapshaveread),TheirwinesofSetia,Cales,andFalerne,ChiosandCrete,andhowtheyquaffingold,Crystal,andmyrrhinecups,imbossedwithgemsAndstudsofpearl——tomeshould’sttell,whothirstAndhungerstill。Thenembassiesthoushew’stFromnationsfarandnigh!Whathonourthat,Buttediouswasteoftime,tositandhearSomanyhollowcomplimentsandlies,Outlandishflatteries?Thenproceed’sttotalkOftheEmperor,howeasilysubdued,Howgloriously。Ishall,thousay’st,expelAbrutishmonster:whatifIwithalExpelaDevilwhofirstmadehimsuch? Lethistormentor,Conscience,findhimout; ForhimIwasnotsent,noryettofreeThatpeople,victoronce,nowvileandbase,Deservedlymadevassal——who,oncejust,Frugal,andmild,andtemperate,conqueredwell,Butgovernillthenationsunderyoke,Peelingtheirprovinces,exhaustedallBylustandrapine;firstambitiousgrownOftriumph,thatinsultingvanity; Thencruel,bytheirsportstobloodinuredOffightingbeasts,andmentobeastsexposed; Luxuriousbytheirwealth,andgreedierstill,AndfromthedailySceneeffeminate。 WhatwiseandvaliantmanwouldseektofreeThese,thusdegenerate,bythemselvesenslaved,Orcouldofinwardslavesmakeoutwardfree? Know,therefore,whenmyseasoncomestositOnDavid’sthrone,itshallbelikeatreeSpreadingandovershadowingalltheearth,OrasastonethatshalltopiecesdashAllmonarchiesbesidesthroughouttheworld; AndofmyKingdomthereshallbenoend。 Meansthereshallbetothis;butwhatthemeansIsnotfortheetoknow,normetotell。\" TowhomtheTempter,impudent,replied:—— \"IseealloffersmadebymehowslightThouvaluest,becauseoffered,andreject’st。 Nothingwillpleasethedifficultandnice,Ornothingmorethanstilltocontradict。 OntheothersideknowalsothouthatI OnwhatIoffersetashighesteem,NorwhatIpartwithmeantogivefornaught,Allthese,whichinamomentthoubehold’st,Thekingdomsoftheworld,totheeIgive(For,giventome,IgivetowhomIplease),Notrifle;yetwiththisreserve,notelse—— Onthiscondition,ifthouwiltfalldown,AndworshipmeasthysuperiorLord(Easilydone),andholdthemallofme; Forwhatcanlesssogreatagiftdeserve?\" WhomthusourSaviouransweredwithdisdain:—— \"Ineverlikedthytalk,thyoffersless; Nowbothabhor,sincethouhastdaredtoutterTheabominableterms,impiouscondition。 ButIendurethetime,tillwhichexpiredThouhastpermissiononme。Itiswritten,Thefirstofallcommandments,’ThoushaltworshipTheLordthyGod,andonlyHimshaltserve。’ Anddar’stthoutotheSonofGodpropoundToworshipthee,accursed?nowmoreaccursedForthisattempt,bolderthanthatonEve,Andmoreblasphemous;whichexpecttorue。 Thekingdomsoftheworldtotheeweregiven! Permittedrather,andbytheeusurped; Otherdonationnonethoucanstproduce。 Ifgiven,bywhombutbytheKingofkings,Godoverallsupreme?Ifgiventothee,BytheehowfairlyistheGivernowRepaid!ButgratitudeintheeislostLongsince。WertthousovoidoffearorshameAsofferthemtome,theSonofGod—— Tomemyown,onsuchabhorredpact,ThatIfalldownandworshiptheeasGod? Gettheebehindme!Plainthounowappear’stThatEvilOne,Satanforeverdamned。\" TowhomtheFiend,withfearabashed,replied:—— \"Benotsosoreoffended,SonofGod—— ThoughSonsofGodbothAngelsareandMen—— IfI,totrywhetherinhighersortThanthesethoubear’stthattitle,haveproposedWhatbothfromMenandAngelsIreceive,TetrarchsofFire,Air,Flood,andontheEarthNationsbesidesfromallthequarteredwinds—— GodofthisWorldinvoked,andWorldbeneath。 Whothenthouart,whosecomingisforetoldTomemostfatal,meitmostconcerns。 Thetrialhathindamagedtheenoway,Rathermorehonourleftandmoreesteem; Menaughtadvantaged,missingwhatIaimed。 Thereforeletpass,astheyaretransitory,Thekingdomsofthisworld;IshallnomoreAdvisethee;gainthemasthoucanst,ornot。 Andthouthyselfseem’stotherwiseinclinedThantoaworldlycrown,addictedmoreTocontemplationandprofounddispute; Asbythatearlyactionmaybejudged,When,slippingfromthymother’seye,thouwent’stAloneintotheTemple,therewastfoundAmongthegravestRabbies,disputantOnpointsandquestionsfittingMoses’chair,Teaching,nottaught。Thechildhoodshewstheman,Asmorningshewstheday。Befamous,then,Bywisdom;asthyempiremustextend,Soletextendthymindo’eralltheworldInknowledge;allthingsinitcomprehend。 AllknowledgeisnotcouchedinMoses’law,ThePentateuch,orwhattheProphetswrote; TheGentilesalsoknow,andwrite,andteachToadmiration,ledbyNature’slight; AndwiththeGentilesmuchthoumustconverse,Rulingthembypersuasion,asthoumean’st。 Withouttheirlearning,howwiltthouwiththem,Ortheywiththee,holdconversationmeet? Howwiltthoureasonwiththem,howrefuteTheiridolisms,traditions,paradoxes? Errorbyhisownarmsisbestevinced。 Lookoncemore,ereweleavethisspecularmount,Westward,muchnearerbysouth-west;beholdWhereontheAEgeanshoreacitystands,Builtnobly,puretheairandlightthesoil—— Athens,theeyeofGreece,motherofartsAndEloquence,nativetofamouswitsOrhospitable,inhersweetrecess,Cityorsuburban,studiouswalksandshades。 Seetheretheolive-groveofAcademe,Plato’sretirement,wheretheAtticbirdTrillsherthick-warblednotesthesummerlong; There,floweryhill,Hymettus,withthesoundOfbees’industriousmurmur,oftinvitesTostudiousmusing;thereIlissusrowlsHiswhisperingstream。WithinthewallsthenviewTheschoolsofancientsages——hiswhobredGreatAlexandertosubduetheworld,Lyceumthere;andpaintedStoanext。 TherethoushalthearandlearnthesecretpowerOfharmony,intonesandnumbershitByvoiceorhand,andvarious-measuredverse,AEoliancharmsandDorianlyricodes,Andhiswhogavethembreath,buthighersung,BlindMelesigenes,thenceHomercalled,WhosepoemPhoebuschallengedforhisown。 ThencewhattheloftygraveTragedianstaughtInchorusoriambic,teachersbestOfmoralprudence,withdelightreceivedInbriefsententiousprecepts,whiletheytreatOffate,andchance,andchangeinhumanlife,Highactionsandhighpassionsbestdescribing。 ThencetothefamousOratorsrepair,ThoseancientwhoseresistlesseloquenceWieldedatwillthatfiercedemocraty,ShooktheArsenal,andfulminedoverGreeceToMacedonandArtaxerxes’throne。 TosagePhilosophynextlendthineear,Fromheavendescendedtothelow-roofedhouseOfSocrates——seetherehistenement—— Whom,wellinspired,theOraclepronouncedWisestofmen;fromwhosemouthissuedforthMellifluousstreams,thatwateredalltheschoolsOfAcademicsoldandnew,withthoseSurnamedPeripatetics,andthesectEpicurean,andtheStoicsevere。 Thesehererevolve,or,asthoulikest,athome,Tilltimematuretheetoakingdom’sweight; TheseruleswillrendertheeakingcompleteWithinthyself,muchmorewithempirejoined。\" TowhomourSavioursagelythusreplied:—— \"ThinknotbutthatIknowthesethings;or,thinkIknowthemnot,notthereforeamIshortOfknowingwhatIought。HewhoreceivesLightfromabove,fromtheFountainofLight,Nootherdoctrineneeds,thoughgrantedtrue; Butthesearefalse,orlittleelsebutdreams,Conjectures,fancies,builtonnothingfirm。 ThefirstandwisestofthemallprofessedToknowthisonly,thathenothingknew; Thenexttofablingfellandsmoothconceits; Athirdsortdoubtedallthings,thoughplainsense; Othersinvirtueplacedfelicity,Butvirtuejoinedwithrichesandlonglife; Incorporalpleasurehe,andcarelessease; TheStoiclastinphilosophicpride,Byhimcalledvirtue,andhisvirtuousman,Wise,perfectinhimself,andallpossessing,EqualtoGod,oftshamesnottoprefer,AsfearingGodnorman,contemningallWealth,pleasure,painortorment,deathandlife—— Which,whenhelists,heleaves,orboastshecan; Forallhistedioustalkisbutvainboast,Orsubtleshiftsconvictiontoevade。 Alas!whatcantheyteach,andnotmislead,Ignorantofthemselves,ofGodmuchmore,AndhowtheWorldbegan,andhowManfell,Degradedbyhimself,ongracedepending? MuchoftheSoultheytalk,butallawry; Andinthemselvesseekvirtue;andtothemselvesAllgloryarrogate,toGodgivenone; Ratheraccusehimunderusualnames,FortuneandFate,asoneregardlessquiteOfmortalthings。Who,therefore,seeksintheseTruewisdomfindshernot,or,bydelusionFarworse,herfalseresemblanceonlymeets,Anemptycloud。However,manybooks,Wisemenhavesaid,arewearisome;whoreadsIncessantly,andtohisreadingbringsnotAspiritandjudgmentequalorsuperior,(Andwhathebringswhatneedsheelsewhereseek?) Uncertainandunsettledstillremains,Deep-versedinbooksandshallowinhimself,Crudeorintoxicate,collectingtoysAndtriflesforchoicematters,worthasponge,Aschildrengatheringpebblesontheshore。 Or,ifIwoulddelightmyprivatehoursWithmusicorwithpoem,wheresosoonAsinournativelanguagecanIfindThatsolace?AllourLawandStorystrewedWithhymns,ourPsalmswithartfultermsinscribed,OurHebrewsongsandharps,inBabylonThatpleasedsowellourvictor’sear,declareThatratherGreecefromustheseartsderived—— IllimitatedwhiletheyloudestsingThevicesoftheirdeities,andtheirown,Infable,hymn,orsong,sopersonatingTheirgodsridiculous,andthemselvespastshame。 Removetheirswellingepithetes,thick-laidAsvarnishonaharlot’scheek,therest,Thin-sownwithaughtofprofitordelight,WillfarbefoundunworthytocompareWithSion’ssongs,toalltruetastesexcelling,WhereGodispraisedarightandgodlikemen,TheHoliestofHoliesandhisSaints(SucharefromGodinspired,notsuchfromthee); UnlesswheremoralvirtueisexpressedBylightofNature,notinallquitelost。 Theiroratorsthouthenextoll’stasthoseThetopofeloquence——statistsindeed,Andloversoftheircountry,asmayseem; ButhereintoourProphetsfarbeneath,Asmendivinelytaught,andbetterteachingThesolidrulesofcivilgovernment,Intheirmajestic,unaffectedstyle,ThanalltheoratoryofGreeceandRome。 Inthemisplainesttaught,andeasiestlearnt,Whatmakesanationhappy,andkeepsitso,Whatruinskingdoms,andlayscitiesflat; Theseonly,withourLaw,bestformaking。\" SospaketheSonofGod;butSatan,nowQuiteataloss(forallhisdartswerespent),ThustoourSaviour,withsternbrow,replied:—— \"Sinceneitherwealthnorhonour,armsnorarts,Kingdomnorempire,pleasesthee,noraughtBymeproposedinlifecontemplativeOractive,tendedonbygloryorfame,Whatdostthouinthisworld?TheWildernessFortheeisfittestplace:Ifoundtheethere,Andthitherwillreturnthee。YetrememberWhatIforetellthee;soonthoushalthavecauseTowishthouneverhadstrejected,thusNicelyorcautiously,myofferedaid,WhichwouldhavesettheeinshorttimewitheaseOnDavid’sthrone,orthroneofalltheworld,Nowatfullage,fulnessoftime,thyseason,Whenpropheciesoftheearebestfulfilled。 Now,contrary——ifIreadaughtinheaven,Orheavenwriteaughtoffate——bywhatthestarsVoluminous,orsinglecharactersIntheirconjunctionmet,givemetospell,Sorrowsandlabours,opposition,hate,Attendsthee;scorns,reproaches,injuries,Violenceandstripes,and,lastly,crueldeath。 Akingdomtheyportendthee,butwhatkingdom,Realorallegoric,Idiscernnot; Norwhen:eternalsure——aswithoutend,Withoutbeginning;fornodateprefixedDirectsmeinthestarryrubricset。\" Sosaying,hetook(forstillheknewhispowerNotyetexpired),andtotheWildernessBroughtback,theSonofGod,andlefthimthere,Feigningtodisappear。Darknessnowrose,Asdaylightsunk,andbroughtinlouringNight,Hershadowyoffspring,unsubstantialboth,Privationmereoflightandabsentday。 OurSaviour,meek,andwithuntroubledmindAfterhisaeriejaunt,thoughhurriedsore,Hungryandcold,betookhimtohisrest,Wherever,undersomeconcourseofshades,WhosebranchingarmsthickintertwinedmightshieldFromdewsanddampsofnighthisshelteredhead; But,sheltered,sleptinvain;forathisheadTheTempterwatched,andsoonwithuglydreamsDisturbedhissleep。Andeithertropicnow’Ganthunder,andbothendsofheaven;thecloudsFrommanyahorridriftabortivepouredFiercerainwithlightningmixed,waterwithfire,Inruinreconciled;norsleptthewindsWithintheirstonycaves,butrushedabroadFromthefourhingesoftheworld,andfellOnthevexedwilderness,whosetallestpines,Thoughrooteddeepashigh,andsturdiestoaks,Bowedtheirstiffnecks,loadenwithstormyblasts,Ortornupsheer。Illwastthoushroudedthen,OpatientSonofGod,yetonlystood’stUnshaken!Noryetstaidtheterrorthere: InfernalghostsandhellishfuriesroundEnvironedthee;somehowled,someyelled,someshrieked,Somebentattheetheirfierydarts,whilethouSat’stunappalledincalmandsinlesspeace。 Thuspassedthenightsofoul,tillMorningfairCameforthwithpilgrimsteps,inamicegrey,WhowithherradiantfingerstilledtheroarOfthunder,chasedtheclouds,andlaidthewinds,Andgrieslyspectres,whichtheFiendhadraisedTotempttheSonofGodwithterrorsdire。 AndnowthesunwithmoreeffectualbeamsHadcheeredthefaceofearth,anddriedthewetFromdroopingplant,ordroppingtree;thebirds,Whoallthingsnowbeholdmorefreshandgreen,Afteranightofstormsoruinous,Cleareduptheirchoicestnotesinbushandspray,Togratulatethesweetreturnofmorn。 Noryet,amidstthisjoyandbrightestmorn,Wasabsent,afterallhismischiefdone,ThePrinceofDarkness;gladwouldalsoseemOfthisfairchange,andtoourSaviourcame; Yetwithnonewdevice(theyallwerespent),Ratherbythishislastaffrontresolved,Desperateofbettercourse,toventhisrageAndmaddespitetobesooftrepelled。 Himwalkingonasunnyhillhefound,Backedonthenorthandwestbyathickwood; Outofthewoodhestartsinwontedshape,Andinacarelessmoodthustohimsaid:—— \"Fairmorningyetbetidesthee,SonofGod,Afteradismalnight。Iheardthewrack,Asearthandskywouldmingle;butmyselfWasdistant;andtheseflaws,thoughmortalsfearthem,AsdangeroustothepillaredframeofHeaven,OrtotheEarth’sdarkbasisunderneath,AretothemainasinconsiderableAndharmless,ifnotwholesome,asasneezeToman’slessuniverse,andsoonaregone。 Yet,asbeingofttimesnoxiouswheretheylightOnman,beast,plant,wastefulandturbulent,Liketurbulenciesintheaffairsofmen,Overwhoseheadstheyroar,andseemtopoint,Theyoftfore-signifyandthreatenill。 Thistempestatthisdesertmostwasbent; Ofmenatthee,foronlythouheredwell’st。 DidInottellthee,ifthoudidstrejectTheperfectseasonofferedwithmyaidTowinthydestinedseat,butwiltprolongAlltothepushoffate,pursuethywayOfgainingDavid’sthronenomanknowswhen(Forboththewhenandhowisnowheretold),Thoushaltbewhatthouartordained,nodoubt; ForAngelshaveproclaimedit,butconcealingThetimeandmeans?EachactisrightliestdoneNotwhenitmust,butwhenitmaybebest。 Ifthouobservenotthis,besuretofindWhatIforetoldthee——manyahardassayOfdangers,andadversities,andpains,ErethouofIsrael’ssceptregetfasthold; Whereofthisominousnightthatclosedtheeround,Somanyterrors,voices,prodigies,Maywarnthee,asasureforegoingsign。\" Sotalkedhe,whiletheSonofGodwenton,Andstaidnot,butinbriefhimansweredthus:—— \"Meworsethanwetthoufind’stnot;otherharmThoseterrorswhichthouspeak’stofdidmenone。 Ineverfearedtheycould,thoughnoisingloudAndthreateningnigh:whattheycandoassignsBetokeningorill-bodingIcontemnAsfalseportents,notsentfromGod,butthee; Who,knowingIshallreignpastthypreventing,Obtrud’stthyofferedaid,thatI,accepting,Atleastmightseemtoholdallpowerofthee,AmbitiousSpirit!andwould’stbethoughtmyGod; Andstorm’st,refused,thinkingtoterrifyMetothywill!Desist(thouartdiscerned,Andtoil’stinvain),normeinvainmolest。\" TowhomtheFiend,nowswolnwithrage,replied:—— \"Thenhear,OSonofDavid,virgin-born! ForSonofGodtomeisyetindoubt。 OftheMessiahIhaveheardforetoldByalltheProphets;ofthybirth,atlengthAnnouncedbyGabriel,withthefirstIknew,AndoftheangelicsonginBethlehemfield,Onthybirth-night,thatsungtheeSaviourborn。 FromthattimeseldomhaveIceasedtoeyeThyinfancy,thychildhood,andthyyouth,Thymanhoodlast,thoughyetinprivatebred; Till,atthefordofJordan,whitherallFlockedtotheBaptist,Iamongtherest(Thoughnottobebaptized),byvoicefromHeavenHeardtheepronouncedtheSonofGodbeloved。 ThenceforthIthoughttheeworthmynearerviewAndnarrowerscrutiny,thatImightlearnInwhatdegreeormeaningthouartcalledTheSonofGod,whichbearsnosinglesense。 TheSonofGodIalsoam,orwas; And,ifIwas,Iam;relationstands: AllmenareSonsofGod;yettheeIthoughtInsomerespectfarhighersodeclared。 ThereforeIwatchedthyfootstepsfromthathour,Andfollowedtheestillontothiswastewild,Where,byallbestconjectures,IcollectThouarttobemyfatalenemy。 Goodreason,then,ifIbeforehandseekTounderstandmyadversary,whoAndwhatheis;hiswisdom,power,intent; Byparleorcomposition,truceorleague,Towinhim,orwinfromhimwhatIcan。 AndopportunityIherehavehadTotrythee,siftthee,andconfesshavefoundtheeProofagainstalltemptation,asarockOfadamantandasacentre,firmTotheutmostofmeremanbothwiseandgood,Notmore;forhonours,riches,kingdoms,glory,Havebeenbeforecontemned,andmayagain。 Therefore,toknowwhatmorethouartthanman,WorthnamingtheSonofGodbyvoicefromHeaven,AnothermethodImustnowbegin。\" Sosaying,hecaughthimup,and,withoutwingOfhippogrif,borethroughtheairsublime,Overthewildernessando’ertheplain,TillunderneaththemfairJerusalem,TheHolyCity,liftedhighhertowers,AndhigheryetthegloriousTemplerearedHerpile,faroffappearinglikeamountOfalablaster,toptwithgoldenspires: There,onthehighestpinnacle,hesetTheSonofGod,andaddedthusinscorn:—— \"Therestand,ifthouwiltstand;tostanduprightWillasktheeskill。ItothyFather’shouseHavebroughtthee,andhighestplaced:highestisbest。 Nowshewthyprogeny;ifnottostand,Castthyselfdown。Safely,ifSonofGod; Foritiswritten,’HewillgivecommandConcerningtheetohisAngels;intheirhandsTheyshallupliftthee,lestatanytimeThouchancetodashthyfootagainstastone。’\" TowhomthusJesus:\"Alsoitiswritten,’TemptnottheLordthyGod。’\"Hesaid,andstood; ButSatan,smittenwithamazement,fell。 AswhenEarth’sson,Antaeus(tocompareSmallthingswithgreatest),inIrassastroveWithJove’sAlcides,and,oftfoiled,stillrose,ReceivingfromhismotherEarthnewstrength,Freshfromhisfall,andfiercergrapplejoined,Throttledatlengthintheairexpiredandfell,So,aftermanyafoil,theTempterproud,Renewingfreshassaults,amidsthisprideFellwhencehestoodtoseehisvictorfall; And,asthatThebanmonsterthatproposedHerriddle,andhimwhosolveditnotdevoured,Thatoncefoundoutandsolved,forgriefandspiteCastherselfheadlongfromtheIsmeniansteep,So,strookwithdreadandanguish,felltheFiend,Andtohiscrew,thatsatconsulting,broughtJoylesstriumphalsofhishopedsuccess,Ruin,anddesperation,anddismay,WhodurstsoproudlytempttheSonofGod。 SoSatanfell;andstraightafieryglobeOfAngelsonfullsailofwingflewnigh,WhoontheirplumyvansreceivedHimsoftFromhisuneasystation,andupbore,Asonafloatingcouch,throughtheblitheair; Then,inafloweryvalley,sethimdownOnagreenbank,andsetbeforehimspreadAtableofcelestialfood,divineAmbrosialfruitsfetchedfromtheTreeofLife,AndfromtheFountofLifeambrosialdrink,Thatsoonrefreshedhimwearied,andrepairedWhathunger,ifaughthunger,hadimpaired,Orthirst;and,ashefed,AngelicquiresSungheavenlyanthemsofhisvictoryOvertemptationandtheTempterproud:—— \"TrueImageoftheFather,whetherthronedInthebosomofbliss,andlightoflightConceiving,or,remotefromHeaven,enshrinedInfleshlytabernacleandhumanform,Wanderingthewilderness——whateverplace,Habit,orstate,ormotion,stillexpressingTheSonofGod,withGodlikeforceenduedAgainsttheattempterofthyFather’sthroneAndthiefofParadise!HimlongofoldThoudidstdebel,anddownfromHeavencastWithallhisarmy;nowthouhastavengedSupplantedAdam,and,byvanquishingTemptation,hastregainedlostParadise,Andfrustratedtheconquestfraudulent。 HenevermorehenceforthwilldaresetfootInparadisetotempt;hissnaresarebroke。 For,thoughthatseatofearthlyblissbefailed,AfairerParadiseisfoundednowForAdamandhischosensons,whomthou,ASaviour,artcomedowntoreinstall; Wheretheyshalldwellsecure,whentimeshallbe,Oftempterandtemptationwithoutfear。 Butthou,InfernalSerpent!shaltnotlongRuleintheclouds。Likeanautumnalstar,Orlightning,thoushaltfallfromHeaven,troddownUnderhisfeet。Forproof,erethisthoufeel’stThywound(yetnotthylastanddeadliestwound) Bythisrepulsereceived,andhold’stinHellNotriumph;inallhergatesAbaddonruesThyboldattempt。HereafterlearnwithaweTodreadtheSonofGod。He,allunarmed,Shallchasethee,withtheterrorofhisvoice,Fromthydemoniacholds,possessionfoul—— Theeandthylegions;yellingtheyshallfly,Andbegtohidetheminaherdofswine,LesthecommandthemdownintotheDeep,Bound,andtotormentsentbeforetheirtime。 Hail,SonoftheMostHigh,heirofbothWorlds,QuellerofSatan!OnthygloriousworkNowenter,andbegintosaveMankind。\" ThustheytheSonofGod,ourSaviourmeek,Sungvictor,and,fromheavenlyfeastrefreshed,Broughtonhiswaywithjoy。He,unobserved,Hometohismother’shouseprivatereturned。END。