第1章

Sing，Ogoddess，theangerofAchillessonofPeleus，thatbroughtcountlessillsupontheAchaeans。ManyabravesouldiditsendhurryingdowntoHades，andmanyaherodidityieldapreytodogsandvultures，forsowerethecounselsofJovefulfilledfromthedayonwhichthesonofAtreus，kingofmen，andgreatAchilles，firstfelloutwithoneanother。 Andwhichofthegodswasitthatsetthemontoquarrel？ItwasthesonofJoveandLeto；forhewasangrywiththekingandsentapestilenceuponthehosttoplaguethepeople，becausethesonofAtreushaddishonouredChryseshispriest。NowChryseshadcometotheshipsoftheAchaeanstofreehisdaughter，andhadbroughtwithhimagreatransom:moreoverheboreinhishandthesceptreofApollowreathedwithasuppliant’swreathandhebesoughttheAchaeans，butmostofallthetwosonsofAtreus，whoweretheirchiefs。 \"SonsofAtreus，\"hecried，\"andallotherAchaeans，maythegodswhodwellinOlympusgrantyoutosackthecityofPriam，andtoreachyourhomesinsafety；butfreemydaughter，andacceptaransomforher，inreverencetoApollo，sonofJove。\" OnthistherestoftheAchaeanswithonevoicewereforrespectingthepriestandtakingtheransomthatheoffered；butnotsoAgamemnon，whospokefiercelytohimandsenthimroughlyaway。 \"Oldman，\"saidhe，\"letmenotfindyoutarryingaboutourships，noryetcominghereafter。Yoursceptreofthegodandyourwreathshallprofityounothing。Iwillnotfreeher。SheshallgrowoldinmyhouseatArgosfarfromherownhome，busyingherselfwithherloomandvisitingmycouch；sogo，anddonotprovokemeoritshallbetheworseforyou。\" Theoldmanfearedhimandobeyed。Notawordhespoke，butwentbytheshoreofthesoundingseaandprayedaparttoKingApollowhomlovelyLetohadborne。\"Hearme，\"hecried，\"Ogodofthesilverbow，thatprotectestChryseandholyCillaandrulestTenedoswiththymight，hearmeohthouofSminthe。IfIhaveeverdeckedyourtemplewithgarlands，orburnedyourthigh-bonesinfatofbullsorgoats，grantmyprayer，andletyourarrowsavengethesemytearsupontheDanaans。\" Thusdidhepray，andApolloheardhisprayer。HecamedownfuriousfromthesummitsofOlympus，withhisbowandhisquiveruponhisshoulder，andthearrowsrattledonhisbackwiththeragethattrembledwithinhim。Hesathimselfdownawayfromtheshipswithafaceasdarkasnight，andhissilverbowrangdeathasheshothisarrowinthemidstofthem。Firsthesmotetheirmulesandtheirhounds，butpresentlyheaimedhisshaftsatthepeoplethemselves，andalldaylongthepyresofthedeadwereburning。 Forninewholedaysheshothisarrowsamongthepeople，butuponthetenthdayAchillescalledtheminassembly-movedtheretobyJuno，whosawtheAchaeansintheirdeath-throesandhadcompassionuponthem。Then，whentheyweregottogether，heroseandspokeamongthem。 \"SonofAtreus，\"saidhe，\"Ideemthatweshouldnowturnrovinghomeifwewouldescapedestruction，forwearebeingcutdownbywarandpestilenceatonce。Letusasksomepriestorprophet，orsomereaderofdreams(fordreams，too，areofJove)whocantelluswhyPhoebusApolloissoangry，andsaywhetheritisforsomevowthatwehavebroken，orhecatombthatwehavenotoffered，andwhetherhewillacceptthesavouroflambsandgoatswithoutblemish，soastotakeawaytheplaguefromus。\" Withthesewordshesatdown，andCalchassonofThestor，wisestofaugurs，whoknewthingspastpresentandtocome，rosetospeak。HeitwaswhohadguidedtheAchaeanswiththeirfleettoIlius，throughtheprophesyingswithwhichPhoebusApollohadinspiredhim。 Withallsincerityandgoodwillheaddressedthemthus:- \"Achilles，lovedofheaven，youbidmetellyouabouttheangerofKingApollo，Iwillthereforedoso；butconsiderfirstandswearthatyouwillstandbymeheartilyinwordanddeed，forIknowthatI shalloffendonewhorulestheArgiveswithmight，towhomalltheAchaeansareinsubjection。Aplainmancannotstandagainsttheangerofaking，whoifheswallowhisdispleasurenow，willyetnurserevengetillhehaswreakedit。Consider，therefore，whetherornoyouwillprotectme。\" AndAchillesanswered，\"Fearnot，butspeakasitisborneinuponyoufromheaven，forbyApollo，Calchas，towhomyoupray，andwhoseoraclesyourevealtous，notaDanaanatourshipsshalllayhishanduponyou，whileIyetlivetolookuponthefaceoftheearth-no，notthoughyounameAgamemnonhimself，whoisbyfartheforemostoftheAchaeans。\" Thereontheseerspokeboldly。\"Thegod，\"hesaid，\"isangryneitheraboutvownorhecatomb，butforhispriest’ssake，whomAgamemnonhasdishonoured，inthathewouldnotfreehisdaughternortakearansomforher；thereforehashesenttheseevilsuponus，andwillyetsendothers。HewillnotdelivertheDanaansfromthispestilencetillAgamemnonhasrestoredthegirlwithoutfeeorransomtoherfather，andhassentaholyhecatombtoChryse。Thuswemayperhapsappeasehim。\" Withthesewordshesatdown，andAgamemnonroseinanger。Hisheartwasblackwithrage，andhiseyesflashedfireashescowledonCalchasandsaid，\"Seerofevil，youneveryetprophesiedsmooththingsconcerningme，buthaveeverlovedtoforetellthatwhichwasevil。Youhavebroughtmeneithercomfortnorperformance；andnowyoucomeseeingamongDanaans，andsayingthatApollohasplaguedusbecauseIwouldnottakearansomforthisgirl，thedaughterofChryses。Ihavesetmyheartonkeepingherinmyownhouse，forI loveherbettereventhanmyownwifeClytemnestra，whosepeersheisalikeinformandfeature，inunderstandingandaccomplishments。 StillIwillgiveherupifImust，forIwouldhavethepeoplelive，notdie；butyoumustfindmeaprizeinstead，orIaloneamongtheArgivesshallbewithoutone。Thisisnotwell；foryoubehold，allofyou，thatmyprizeistogoelsewhither。\" AndAchillesanswered，\"MostnoblesonofAtreus，covetousbeyondallmankind，howshalltheAchaeansfindyouanotherprize？Wehavenocommonstorefromwhichtotakeone。Thosewetookfromthecitieshavebeenawarded；wecannotdisallowtheawardsthathavebeenmadealready。Givethisgirl，therefore，tothegod，andifeverJovegrantsustosackthecityofTroywewillrequiteyouthreeandfourfold。\" ThenAgamemnonsaid，\"Achilles，valiantthoughyoube，youshallnotthusoutwitme。Youshallnotoverreachandyoushallnotpersuademe。 Areyoutokeepyourownprize，whileIsittamelyundermylossandgiveupthegirlatyourbidding？LettheAchaeansfindmeaprizeinfairexchangetomyliking，orIwillcomeandtakeyourown，orthatofAjaxorofUlysses；andhetowhomsoeverImaycomeshallruemycoming。Butofthiswewilltakethoughthereafter；forthepresent，letusdrawashipintothesea，andfindacrewforherexpressly；letusputahecatombonboard，andletussendChryseisalso；further，letsomechiefmanamongusbeincommand，eitherAjax，orIdomeneus，oryourself，sonofPeleus，mightywarriorthatyouare，thatwemayoffersacrificeandappeasethetheangerofthegod。\" Achillesscowledathimandanswered，\"Youaresteepedininsolenceandlustofgain。WithwhatheartcananyoftheAchaeansdoyourbidding，eitheronforayorinopenfighting？IcamenotwarringhereforanyilltheTrojanshaddoneme。Ihavenoquarrelwiththem。Theyhavenotraidedmycattlenormyhorses，norcutdownmyharvestsontherichplainsofPhthia；forbetweenmeandthemthereisagreatspace，bothmountainandsoundingsea。Wehavefollowedyou，SirInsolence！foryourpleasure，notours-togainsatisfactionfromtheTrojansforyourshamelessselfandforMenelaus。Youforgetthis，andthreatentorobmeoftheprizeforwhichIhavetoiled，andwhichthesonsoftheAchaeanshavegivenme。 NeverwhentheAchaeanssackanyrichcityoftheTrojansdoIreceivesogoodaprizeasyoudo，thoughitismyhandsthatdothebetterpartofthefighting。Whenthesharingcomes，yourshareisfarthelargest，andI，forsooth，mustgobacktomyships，takewhatIcangetandbethankful，whenmylabouroffightingisdone。Now，therefore，IshallgobacktoPhthia；itwillbemuchbetterformetoreturnhomewithmyships，forIwillnotstayheredishonouredtogathergoldandsubstanceforyou。\" AndAgamemnonanswered，\"Flyifyouwill，Ishallmakeyounoprayerstostayyou。Ihaveothersherewhowilldomehonour，andaboveallJove，thelordofcounsel。Thereisnokingheresohatefultomeasyouare，foryouareeverquarrelsomeandillaffected。Whatthoughyoubebrave？Wasitnotheaventhatmadeyouso？Gohome，then，withyourshipsandcomradestolorditovertheMyrmidons。Icareneitherforyounorforyouranger；andthuswillIdo:sincePhoebusApolloistakingChryseisfromme，Ishallsendherwithmyshipandmyfollowers，butIshallcometoyourtentandtakeyourownprizeBriseis，thatyoumaylearnhowmuchstrongerIamthanyouare，andthatanothermayfeartosethimselfupasequalorcomparablewithme。\" ThesonofPeleuswasfurious，andhisheartwithinhisshaggybreastwasdividedwhethertodrawhissword，pushtheothersaside，andkillthesonofAtreus，ortorestrainhimselfandcheckhisanger。Whilehewasthusintwominds，andwasdrawinghismightyswordfromitsscabbard，Minervacamedownfromheaven(forJunohadsentherinthelovesheboretothemboth)，andseizedthesonofPeleusbyhisyellowhair，visibletohimalone，foroftheothersnomancouldseeher。Achillesturnedinamaze，andbythefirethatflashedfromhereyesatonceknewthatshewasMinerva。\"Whyareyouhere，\"saidhe，\"daughterofaegis-bearingJove？ToseetheprideofAgamemnon，sonofAtreus？Letmetellyou-anditshallsurelybe-heshallpayforthisinsolencewithhislife。\" AndMinervasaid，\"Icomefromheaven，ifyouwillhearme，tobidyoustayyouranger。Junohassentme，whocaresforbothofyoualike。Cease，then，thisbrawling，anddonotdrawyoursword；railathimifyouwill，andyourrailingwillnotbevain，forItellyou- anditshallsurelybe-thatyoushallhereafterreceivegiftsthreetimesassplendidbyreasonofthispresentinsult。Hold，therefore，andobey。\" \"Goddess，\"answeredAchilles，\"howeverangryamanmaybe，hemustdoasyoutwocommandhim。Thiswillbebest，forthegodseverheartheprayersofhimwhohasobeyedthem。\" Hestayedhishandonthesilverhiltofhissword，andthrustitbackintothescabbardasMinervabadehim。ThenshewentbacktoOlympusamongtheothergods，andtothehouseofaegis-bearingJove。 ButthesonofPeleusagainbeganrailingatthesonofAtreus，forhewasstillinarage。\"Wine-bibber，\"hecried，\"withthefaceofadogandtheheartofahind，youneverdaretogooutwiththehostinfight，noryetwithourchosenmeninambuscade。Youshunthisasyoudodeathitself。Youhadrathergoroundandrobhisprizesfromanymanwhocontradictsyou。Youdevouryourpeople，foryouarekingoverafeeblefolk；otherwise，sonofAtreus，henceforwardyouwouldinsultnoman。ThereforeIsay，andswearitwithagreatoath-nay，bythismysceptrewhichshaltsproutneitherleafnorshoot，norbudanewfromthedayonwhichitleftitsparentstemuponthemountains-fortheaxestrippeditofleafandbark，andnowthesonsoftheAchaeansbearitasjudgesandguardiansofthedecreesofheaven-sosurelyandsolemnlydoIswearthathereaftertheyshalllookfondlyforAchillesandshallnotfindhim。Inthedayofyourdistress，whenyourmenfalldyingbythemurderoushandofHector，youshallnotknowhowtohelpthem，andshallrendyourheartwithrageforthehourwhenyouofferedinsulttothebravestoftheAchaeans。\" WiththisthesonofPeleusdashedhisgold-bestuddedsceptreonthegroundandtookhisseat，whilethesonofAtreuswasbeginningfiercelyfromhisplaceupontheotherside。Thenuprosesmooth-tonguedNestor，thefacilespeakerofthePylians，andthewordsfellfromhislipssweeterthanhoney。TwogenerationsofmenbornandbredinPyloshadpassedawayunderhisrule，andhewasnowreigningoverthethird。Withallsincerityandgoodwill，therefore，headdressedthemthus:- \"Ofatruth，\"hesaid，\"agreatsorrowhasbefallentheAchaeanland。SurelyPriamwithhissonswouldrejoice，andtheTrojansbegladatheartiftheycouldhearthisquarrelbetweenyoutwo，whoaresoexcellentinfightandcounsel。Iamolderthaneitherofyou； thereforebeguidedbyme。MoreoverIhavebeenthefamiliarfriendofmenevengreaterthanyouare，andtheydidnotdisregardmycounsels。 NeveragaincanIbeholdsuchmenasPirithousandDryasshepherdofhispeople，orasCaeneus，Exadius，godlikePolyphemus，andTheseussonofAegeus，peeroftheimmortals。Thesewerethemightiestmeneverbornuponthisearth:mightiestwerethey，andwhentheyfoughtthefiercesttribesofmountainsavagestheyutterlyoverthrewthem。I camefromdistantPylos，andwentaboutamongthem，fortheywouldhavemecome，andIfoughtasitwasinmetodo。Notamannowlivingcouldwithstandthem，buttheyheardmywords，andwerepersuadedbythem。Sobeitalsowithyourselves，forthisisthemoreexcellentway。Therefore，Agamemnon，thoughyoubestrong，takenotthisgirlaway，forthesonsoftheAchaeanshavealreadygivenhertoAchilles； andyou，Achilles，strivenotfurtherwiththeking，fornomanwhobythegraceofJovewieldsasceptrehaslikehonourwithAgamemnon。Youarestrong，andhaveagoddessforyourmother；butAgamemnonisstrongerthanyou，forhehasmorepeopleunderhim。SonofAtreus，checkyouranger，Iimploreyou；endthisquarrelwithAchilles，whointhedayofbattleisatowerofstrengthtotheAchaeans。\" AndAgamemnonanswered，\"Sir，allthatyouhavesaidistrue，butthisfellowmustneedsbecomeourlordandmaster:hemustbelordofall，kingofall，andcaptainofall，andthisshallhardlybe。 Grantedthatthegodshavemadehimagreatwarrior，havetheyalsogivenhimtherighttospeakwithrailing？\" Achillesinterruptedhim。\"Ishouldbeameancoward，\"hecried，\"wereItogiveintoyouinallthings。Orderotherpeopleabout，notme，forIshallobeynolonger。FurthermoreIsay-andlaymysayingtoyourheart-Ishallfightneitheryounoranymanaboutthisgirl，forthosethattakewerethosealsothatgave。Butofallelsethatisatmyshipyoushallcarryawaynothingbyforce。Try，thatothersmaysee；ifyoudo，myspearshallbereddenedwithyourblood。\" Whentheyhadquarrelledthusangrily，theyrose，andbrokeuptheassemblyattheshipsoftheAchaeans。ThesonofPeleuswentbacktohistentsandshipswiththesonofMenoetiusandhiscompany，whileAgamemnondrewavesselintothewaterandchoseacrewoftwentyoarsmen。HeescortedChryseisonboardandsentmoreoverahecatombforthegod。AndUlysseswentascaptain。 These，then，wentonboardandsailedtheirwaysoverthesea。ButthesonofAtreusbadethepeoplepurifythemselves；sotheypurifiedthemselvesandcasttheirfilthintothesea。Thentheyofferedhecatombsofbullsandgoatswithoutblemishonthesea-shore，andthesmokewiththesavouroftheirsacrificerosecurlinguptowardsheaven。 Thusdidtheybusythemselvesthroughoutthehost。ButAgamemnondidnotforgetthethreatthathehadmadeAchilles，andcalledhistrustymessengersandsquiresTalthybiusandEurybates。\"Go，\"saidhe，\"tothetentofAchilles，sonofPeleus；takeBriseisbythehandandbringherhither；ifhewillnotgiveherIshallcomewithothersandtakeher-whichwillpresshimharder。\" Hechargedthemstraightlyfurtheranddismissedthem，whereontheywenttheirwaysorrowfullybytheseaside，tilltheycametothetentsandshipsoftheMyrmidons。TheyfoundAchillessittingbyhistentandhisships，andill-pleasedhewaswhenhebeheldthem。 Theystoodfearfullyandreverentlybeforehim，andneveraworddidtheyspeak，butheknewthemandsaid，\"Welcome，heralds，messengersofgodsandmen；drawnear；myquarrelisnotwithyoubutwithAgamemnonwhohassentyouforthegirlBriseis。Therefore，Patroclus，bringherandgivehertothem，butletthembewitnessesbytheblessedgods，bymortalmen，andbythefiercenessofAgamemnon’sanger，thatifeveragaintherebeneedofmetosavethepeoplefromruin，theyshallseekandtheyshallnotfind。AgamemnonismadwithrageandknowsnothowtolookbeforeandafterthattheAchaeansmayfightbytheirshipsinsafety。\" Patroclusdidashisdearcomradehadbiddenhim。HebroughtBriseisfromthetentandgaveherovertotheheralds，whotookherwiththemtotheshipsoftheAchaeans-andthewomanwaslothtogo。ThenAchilleswentallalonebythesideofthehoarsea，weepingandlookingoutupontheboundlesswasteofwaters。Heraisedhishandsinprayertohisimmortalmother，\"Mother，\"hecried，\"youboremedoomedtolivebutforalittleseason；surelyJove，whothundersfromOlympus，mighthavemadethatlittleglorious。Itisnotso。 Agamemnon，sonofAtreus，hasdonemedishonour，andhasrobbedmeofmyprizebyforce。\" Ashespokeheweptaloud，andhismotherheardhimwhereshewassittinginthedepthsoftheseahardbytheoldmanherfather。 Forthwithsheroseasitwereagreymistoutofthewaves，satdownbeforehimashestoodweeping，caressedhimwithherhand，andsaid，\"Myson，whyareyouweeping？Whatisitthatgrievesyou？ Keepitnotfromme，buttellme，thatwemayknowittogether。\" Achillesdrewadeepsighandsaid，\"Youknowit；whytellyouwhatyouknowwellalready？WewenttoThebethestrongcityofEetion，sackedit，andbroughthitherthespoil。ThesonsoftheAchaeansshareditdulyamongthemselves，andchoselovelyChryseisasthemeedofAgamemnon；butChryses，priestofApollo，cametotheshipsoftheAchaeanstofreehisdaughter，andbroughtwithhimagreatransom:moreoverheboreinhishandthesceptreofApollo，wreathedwithasuppliant’swreath，andhebesoughttheAchaeans，butmostofallthetwosonsofAtreuswhoweretheirchiefs。 \"OnthistherestoftheAchaeanswithonevoicewereforrespectingthepriestandtakingtheransomthatheoffered；butnotsoAgamemnon，whospokefiercelytohimandsenthimroughlyaway。Sohewentbackinanger，andApollo，wholovedhimdearly，heardhisprayer。ThenthegodsentadeadlydartupontheArgives，andthepeoplediedthickononeanother，forthearrowswenteverywhitheramongthewidehostoftheAchaeans。AtlastaseerinthefulnessofhisknowledgedeclaredtoustheoraclesofApollo，andIwasmyselffirsttosaythatweshouldappeasehim。WhereonthesonofAtreusroseinanger，andthreatenedthatwhichhehassincedone。TheAchaeansarenowtakingthegirlinashiptoChryse，andsendinggiftsofsacrificetothegod；buttheheraldshavejusttakenfrommytentthedaughterofBriseus，whomtheAchaeanshadawardedtomyself。 \"Helpyourbraveson，therefore，ifyouareable。GotoOlympus，andifyouhaveeverdonehimserviceinwordordeed，imploretheaidofJove。Ofttimesinmyfather’shousehaveIheardyougloryinthatyoualoneoftheimmortalssavedthesonofSaturnfromruin，whentheothers，withJuno，Neptune，andPallasMinervawouldhaveputhiminbonds。Itwasyou，goddess，whodeliveredhimbycallingtoOlympusthehundred-handedmonsterwhomgodscallBriareus，butmenAegaeon，forheisstrongereventhanhisfather；whenthereforehetookhisseatall-gloriousbesidethesonofSaturn，theothergodswereafraid，anddidnotbindhim。Go，then，tohim，remindhimofallthis，clasphisknees，andbidhimgivesuccourtotheTrojans。LettheAchaeansbehemmedinatthesternsoftheirships，andperishonthesea-shore，thattheymayreapwhatjoytheymayoftheirking，andthatAgamemnonmayruehisblindnessinofferinginsulttotheforemostoftheAchaeans。\" Thetisweptandanswered，\"Myson，woeismethatIshouldhaveborneorsuckledyou。Wouldindeedthatyouhadlivedyourspanfreefromallsorrowatyourships，foritisalltoobrief；alas，thatyoushouldbeatonceshortoflifeandlongofsorrowaboveyourpeers: woe，therefore，wasthehourinwhichIboreyou；neverthelessI willgotothesnowyheightsofOlympus，andtellthistaletoJove，ifhewillhearourprayer:meanwhilestaywhereyouarewithyourships，nurseyourangeragainsttheAchaeans，andholdalooffromfight。ForJovewentyesterdaytoOceanus，toafeastamongtheEthiopians，andtheothergodswentwithhim。HewillreturntoOlympustwelvedayshence；Iwillthengotohismansionpavedwithbronzeandwillbeseechhim；nordoIdoubtthatIshallbeabletopersuadehim。\" Onthisshelefthim，stillfuriousatthelossofherthathadbeentakenfromhim。MeanwhileUlyssesreachedChrysewiththehecatomb。 Whentheyhadcomeinsidetheharbourtheyfurledthesailsandlaidthemintheship’shold；theyslackenedtheforestays，loweredthemastintoitsplace，androwedtheshiptotheplacewheretheywouldhaveherlie；theretheycastouttheirmooring-stonesandmadefastthehawsers。Theythengotoutuponthesea-shoreandlandedthehecatombforApollo；Chryseisalsolefttheship，andUlyssesledhertothealtartodeliverherintothehandsofherfather。 \"Chryses，\"saidhe，\"KingAgamemnonhassentmetobringyoubackyourchild，andtooffersacrificetoApolloonbehalfoftheDanaans，thatwemaypropitiatethegod，whohasnowbroughtsorrowupontheArgives。\" Sosayinghegavethegirlovertoherfather，whoreceivedhergladly，andtheyrangedtheholyhecatomballorderlyroundthealtarofthegod。Theywashedtheirhandsandtookupthebarley-mealtosprinkleoverthevictims，whileChryseslifteduphishandsandprayedaloudontheirbehalf。\"Hearme，\"hecried，\"O godofthesilverbow，thatprotectestChryseandholyCilla，andrulestTenedoswiththymight。EvenasthoudidsthearmeaforetimewhenIprayed，anddidstpresshardlyupontheAchaeans，sohearmeyetagain，andstaythisfearfulpestilencefromtheDanaans。\" Thusdidhepray，andApolloheardhisprayer。Whentheyhaddoneprayingandsprinklingthebarley-meal，theydrewbacktheheadsofthevictimsandkilledandflayedthem。Theycutoutthethigh-bones，wrappedthemroundintwolayersoffat，setsomepiecesofrawmeatonthetopofthem，andthenChryseslaidthemonthewoodfireandpouredwineoverthem，whiletheyoungmenstoodnearhimwithfive-prongedspitsintheirhands。Whenthethigh-boneswereburnedandtheyhadtastedtheinwardmeats，theycuttherestupsmall，putthepiecesuponthespits，roastedthemtilltheyweredone，anddrewthemoff:then，whentheyhadfinishedtheirworkandthefeastwasready，theyateit，andeverymanhadhisfullshare，sothatallweresatisfied。Assoonastheyhadhadenoughtoeatanddrink，pagesfilledthemixing-bowlwithwineandwaterandhandeditround，aftergivingeverymanhisdrink-offering。 Thusalldaylongtheyoungmenworshippedthegodwithsong，hymninghimandchauntingthejoyouspaean，andthegodtookpleasureintheirvoices；butwhenthesunwentdown，anditcameondark，theylaidthemselvesdowntosleepbythesterncablesoftheship，andwhenthechildofmorning，rosy-fingeredDawn，appearedtheyagainsetsailforthehostoftheAchaeans。Apollosentthemafairwind，sotheyraisedtheirmastandhoistedtheirwhitesailsaloft。 Asthesailbelliedwiththewindtheshipflewthroughthedeepbluewater，andthefoamhissedagainstherbowsasshespedonward。 Whentheyreachedthewide-stretchinghostoftheAchaeans，theydrewthevesselashore，highanddryuponthesands，setherstrongpropsbeneathher，andwenttheirwaystotheirowntentsandships。 ButAchillesabodeathisshipsandnursedhisanger。Hewentnottothehonourableassembly，andsalliednotforthtofight，butgnawedathisownheart，piningforbattleandthewar-cry。 NowaftertwelvedaystheimmortalgodscamebackinabodytoOlympus，andJoveledtheway。Thetiswasnotunmindfulofthechargehersonhadlaiduponher，sosherosefromundertheseaandwentthroughgreatheavenwithearlymorningtoOlympus，whereshefoundthemightysonofSaturnsittingallaloneuponitstopmostridges。Shesatherselfdownbeforehim，andwithherlefthandseizedhisknees，whilewithherrightshecaughthimunderthechin，andbesoughthim，saying- \"FatherJove，ifIeverdidyouserviceinwordordeedamongtheimmortals，hearmyprayer，anddohonourtomyson，whoselifeistobecutshortsoearly。KingAgamemnonhasdishonouredhimbytakinghisprizeandkeepingher。Honourhimthenyourself，Olympianlordofcounsel，andgrantvictorytotheTrojans，tilltheAchaeansgivemysonhisdueandloadhimwithrichesinrequital。\" Jovesatforawhilesilent，andwithoutaword，butThetisstillkeptfirmholdofhisknees，andbesoughthimasecondtime。 \"Inclineyourhead，\"saidshe，\"andpromisemesurely，orelsedenyme-foryouhavenothingtofear-thatImaylearnhowgreatlyyoudisdainme。\" AtthisJovewasmuchtroubledandanswered，\"IshallhavetroubleifyousetmequarrellingwithJuno，forshewillprovokemewithhertauntingspeeches；evennowsheisalwaysrailingatmebeforetheothergodsandaccusingmeofgivingaidtotheTrojans。Gobacknow，lestsheshouldfindout。Iwillconsiderthematter，andwillbringitaboutaswish。See，Iinclinemyheadthatyoubelieveme。 ThisisthemostsolemnthatIcangivetoanygod。Ineverrecallmyword，ordeceive，orfailtodowhatIsay，whenIhavenoddedmyhead。\" AshespokethesonofSaturnbowedhisdarkbrows，andtheambrosiallocksswayedonhisimmortalhead，tillvastOlympusreeled。 Whenthepairhadthuslaidtheirplans，theyparted-Jovetohishouse，whilethegoddessquittedthesplendourofOlympus，andplungedintothedepthsofthesea。Thegodsrosefromtheirseats，beforethecomingoftheirsire。Notoneofthemdaredtoremainsitting，butallstoodupashecameamongthem。There，then，hetookhisseat。ButJuno，whenshesawhim，knewthatheandtheoldmerman’sdaughter，silver-footedThetis，hadbeenhatchingmischief，sosheatoncebegantoupbraidhim。\"Trickster，\"shecried，\"whichofthegodshaveyoubeentakingintoyourcounselsnow？Youarealwayssettlingmattersinsecretbehindmyback，andhaveneveryettoldme，ifyoucouldhelpit，onewordofyourintentions。\" \"Juno，\"repliedthesireofgodsandmen，\"youmustnotexpecttobeinformedofallmycounsels。Youaremywife，butyouwouldfindithardtounderstandthem。Whenitisproperforyoutohear，thereisnoone，godorman，whowillbetoldsooner，butwhenImeantokeepamattertomyself，youmustnotprynoraskquestions。\" \"DreadsonofSaturn，\"answeredJuno，\"whatareyoutalkingabout？ I？Pryandaskquestions？Never。Iletyouhaveyourownwayineverything。Still，Ihaveastrongmisgivingthattheoldmerman’sdaughterThetishasbeentalkingyouover，forshewaswithyouandhadholdofyourkneesthisself-samemorning。Ibelieve，therefore，thatyouhavebeenpromisinghertogiveglorytoAchilles，andtokillmuchpeopleattheshipsoftheAchaeans。\" \"Wife，\"saidJove，\"Icandonothingbutyoususpectmeandfinditout。Youwilltakenothingbyit，forIshallonlydislikeyouthemore，anditwillgoharderwithyou。Grantedthatitisasyousay；Imeantohaveitso；sitdownandholdyourtongueasIbidyouforifIoncebegintolaymyhandsaboutyou，thoughallheavenwereonyoursideitwouldprofityounothing。\" OnthisJunowasfrightened，soshecurbedherstubbornwillandsatdowninsilence。ButtheheavenlybeingsweredisquietedthroughoutthehouseofJove，tillthecunningworkmanVulcanbegantotryandpacifyhismotherJuno。\"Itwillbeintolerable，\"saidhe，\"ifyoutwofalltowranglingandsettingheaveninanuproaraboutapackofmortals。Ifsuchillcounselsaretoprevail，weshallhavenopleasureatourbanquet。Letmethenadvisemymother-andshemustherselfknowthatitwillbebetter-tomakefriendswithmydearfatherJove，lestheagainscoldheranddisturbourfeast。IftheOlympianThundererwantstohurlusallfromourseats，hecandoso，forheisfarthestrongest，sogivehimfairwords，andhewillthensoonbeinagoodhumourwithus。\" Ashespoke，hetookadoublecupofnectar，andplaceditinhismother’shand。\"Cheerup，mydearmother，\"saidhe，\"andmakethebestofit。Iloveyoudearly，andshouldbeverysorrytoseeyougetathrashing；howevergrievedImightbe，IcouldnothelpforthereisnostandingagainstJove。OncebeforewhenIwastryingtohelpyou，hecaughtmebythefootandflungmefromtheheavenlythreshold。Alldaylongfrommorntilleve，wasIfalling，tillatsunsetIcametogroundintheislandofLemnos，andthereIlay，withverylittlelifeleftinme，tilltheSintianscameandtendedme。\" Junosmiledatthis，andasshesmiledshetookthecupfromherson’shands。ThenVulcandrewsweetnectarfromthemixing-bowl，andserveditroundamongthegods，goingfromlefttoright；andtheblessedgodslaughedoutaloudapplauseastheysawhimingbustlingabouttheheavenlymansion。 Thusthroughthelivelongdaytothegoingdownofthesuntheyfeasted，andeveryonehadhisfullshare，sothatallweresatisfied。 Apollostruckhislyre，andtheMuseslifteduptheirsweetvoices，callingandansweringoneanother。Butwhenthesun’sgloriouslighthadfaded，theywenthometobed，eachinhisownabode，whichlameVulcanwithhisconsummateskillhadfashionedforthem。SoJove，theOlympianLordofThunder，hiedhimtothebedinwhichhealwaysslept；andwhenhehadgotontoithewenttosleep，withJunoofthegoldenthronebyhisside。 BOOKII Nowtheothergodsandthearmedwarriorsontheplainsleptsoundly，butJovewaswakeful，forhewasthinkinghowtodohonourtoAchilles，anddestroyedmuchpeopleattheshipsoftheAchaeans。IntheendhedeemeditwouldbebesttosendalyingdreamtoKingAgamemnon；sohecalledonetohimandsaidtoit，\"LyingDream，gototheshipsoftheAchaeans，intothetentofAgamemnon，andsaytohimwordtowordasInowbidyou。TellhimtogettheAchaeansinstantlyunderarms，forheshalltakeTroy。Therearenolongerdividedcounselsamongthegods；Junohasbroughtthemtoherownmind，andwoebetidestheTrojans。\" Thedreamwentwhenithadhearditsmessage，andsoonreachedtheshipsoftheAchaeans。ItsoughtAgamemnonsonofAtreusandfoundhiminhistent，wrappedinaprofoundslumber。IthoveredoverhisheadinthelikenessofNestor，sonofNeleus，whomAgamemnonhonouredaboveallhiscouncillors，andsaid:- \"Youaresleeping，sonofAtreus；onewhohasthewelfareofhishostandsomuchothercareuponhisshouldersshoulddockhissleep。Hearmeatonce，forIcomeasamessengerfromJove，who，thoughhebenotnear，yettakesthoughtforyouandpitiesyou。HebidsyougettheAchaeansinstantlyunderarms，foryoushalltakeTroy。Therearenolongerdividedcounselsamongthegods；Junohasbroughtthemovertoherownmind，andwoebetidestheTrojansatthehandsofJove。Rememberthis，andwhenyouwakeseethatitdoesnotescapeyou。\" Thedreamthenlefthim，andhethoughtofthingsthatwere，surelynottobeaccomplished。HethoughtthatonthatsamedayhewastotakethecityofPriam，buthelittleknewwhatwasinthemindofJove，whohadmanyanotherhard-foughtfightinstorealikeforDanaansandTrojans。Thenpresentlyhewoke，withthedivinemessagestillringinginhisears；sohesatupright，andputonhissoftshirtsofairandnew，andoverthishisheavycloak。Heboundhissandalsontohiscomelyfeet，andslunghissilver-studdedswordabouthisshoulders；thenhetooktheimperishablestaffofhisfather，andsalliedforthtotheshipsoftheAchaeans。 ThegoddessDawnnowwendedherwaytovastOlympusthatshemightheralddaytoJoveandtotheotherimmortals，andAgamemnonsentthecriersroundtocallthepeopleinassembly；sotheycalledthemandthepeoplegatheredthereon。ButfirsthesummonedameetingoftheeldersattheshipofNestorkingofPylos，andwhentheywereassembledhelaidacunningcounselbeforethem。 \"Myfriends，\"saidhe，\"Ihavehadadreamfromheaveninthedeadofnight，anditsfaceandfigureresemblednonebutNestor’s。Ithoveredovermyheadandsaid，’Youaresleeping，sonofAtreus；onewhohasthewelfareofhishostandsomuchothercareuponhisshouldersshoulddockhissleep。Hearmeatonce，forIamamessengerfromJove，who，thoughhebenotnear，yettakesthoughtforyouandpitiesyou。HebidsyougettheAchaeansinstantlyunderarms，foryoushalltakeTroy。Therearenolongerdividedcounselsamongthegods；Junohasbroughtthemovertoherownmind，andwoebetidestheTrojansatthehandsofJove。Rememberthis。’ThedreamthenvanishedandIawoke。Letusnow，therefore，armthesonsoftheAchaeans。ButitwillbewellthatIshouldfirstsoundthem，andtothisendIwilltellthemtoflywiththeirships；butdoyouothersgoaboutamongthehostandpreventtheirdoingso。\" Hethensatdown，andNestortheprinceofPyloswithallsincerityandgoodwilladdressedthemthus:\"Myfriends，\"saidhe，\"princesandcouncillorsoftheArgives，ifanyothermanoftheAchaeanshadtoldusofthisdreamweshouldhavedeclareditfalse，andwouldhavehadnothingtodowithit。Buthewhohasseenitistheforemostmanamongus；wemustthereforesetaboutgettingthepeopleunderarms。\" Withthisheledthewayfromtheassembly，andtheothersceptredkingsrosewithhiminobediencetothewordofAgamemnon；butthepeoplepressedforwardtohear。Theyswarmedlikebeesthatsallyfromsomehollowcaveandflitincountlessthrongamongthespringflowers，bunchedinknotsandclusters；evensodidthemightymultitudepourfromshipsandtentstotheassembly，andrangethemselvesuponthewide-wateredshore，whileamongthemranWildfireRumour，messengerofJove，urgingthemevertothefore。Thustheygatheredinapell-mellofmadconfusion，andtheearthgroanedunderthetrampofmenasthepeoplesoughttheirplaces。Nineheraldswentcryingaboutamongthemtostaytheirtumultandbidthemlistentothekings，tillatlasttheyweregotintotheirseveralplacesandceasedtheirclamour。ThenKingAgamemnonrose，holdinghissceptre。ThiswastheworkofVulcan，whogaveittoJovethesonofSaturn。JovegaveittoMercury，slayerofArgus，guideandguardian。KingMercurygaveittoPelops，themightycharioteer，andPelopstoAtreus，shepherdofhispeople。Atreus，whenhedied，leftittoThyestes，richinflocks，andThyestesinhisturnleftittobebornebyAgamemnon，thathemightbelordofallArgosandoftheisles。Leaning，then，onhissceptre，headdressedtheArgives。 \"Myfriends，\"hesaid，\"heroes，servantsofMars，thehandofheavenhasbeenlaidheavilyuponme。CruelJovegavemehissolemnpromisethatIshouldsackthecityofPriambeforereturning，buthehasplayedmefalse，andisnowbiddingmegoingloriouslybacktoArgoswiththelossofmuchpeople。SuchisthewillofJove，whohaslaidmanyaproudcityinthedust，ashewillyetlayothers，forhispowerisaboveall。ItwillbeasorrytalehereafterthatanAchaeanhost，atoncesogreatandvaliant，battledinvainagainstmenfewerinnumberthanthemselves；butasyettheendisnotinsight。ThinkthattheAchaeansandTrojanshavesworntoasolemncovenant，andthattheyhaveeachbeennumbered-theTrojansbytherolloftheirhouseholders，andwebycompaniesoften；thinkfurtherthateachofourcompaniesdesiredtohaveaTrojanhouseholdertopourouttheirwine；wearesogreatlymoreinnumberthatfullmanyacompanywouldhavetogowithoutitscup-bearer。 Buttheyhaveinthetownalliesfromotherplaces，anditisthesethathindermefrombeingabletosacktherichcityofIlius。NineofJoveyearsaregone；thetimbersofourshipshaverotted；theirtacklingissoundnolonger。Ourwivesandlittleonesathomelookanxiouslyforourcoming，buttheworkthatwecamehithertodohasnotbeendone。Now，therefore，letusalldoasIsay:letussailbacktoourownland，forweshallnottakeTroy。\" Withthesewordshemovedtheheartsofthemultitude，somanyofthemasknewnotthecunningcounselofAgamemnon。TheysurgedtoandfrolikethewavesoftheIcarianSea，whentheeastandsouthwindsbreakfromheaven’scloudstolashthem；oraswhenthewestwindsweepsoverafieldofcornandtheearsbowbeneaththeblast，evensoweretheyswayedastheyflewwithloudcriestowardstheships，andthedustfromundertheirfeetroseheavenward。Theycheeredeachotherontodrawtheshipsintothesea；theyclearedthechannelsinfrontofthem；theybegantakingawaythestaysfromunderneaththem，andthewelkinrangwiththeirgladcries，soeagerweretheytoreturn。 ThensurelytheArgiveswouldhavereturnedafterafashionthatwasnotfated。ButJunosaidtoMinerva，\"Alas，daughterofaegis-bearingJove，unweariable，shalltheArgivesflyhometotheirownlandoverthebroadsea，andleavePriamandtheTrojansthegloryofstillkeepingHelen，forwhosesakesomanyoftheAchaeanshavediedatTroy，farfromtheirhomes？Goaboutatonceamongthehost，andspeakfairlytothem，manbyman，thattheydrawnottheirshipsintothesea。\" Minervawasnotslacktodoherbidding。DownshedartedfromthetopmostsummitsofOlympus，andinamomentshewasattheshipsoftheAchaeans。ThereshefoundUlysses，peerofJoveincounsel，standingalone。Hehadnotasyetlaidahanduponhisship，forhewasgrievedandsorry；soshewentcloseuptohimandsaid，\"Ulysses，noblesonofLaertes，areyougoingtoflingyourselvesintoyourshipsandbeoffhometoyourownlandinthisway？WillyouleavePriamandtheTrojansthegloryofstillkeepingHelen，forwhosesakesomanyoftheAchaeanshavediedatTroy，farfromtheirhomes？Goaboutatonceamongthehost，andspeakfairlytothem，manbyman，thattheydrawnottheirshipsintothesea。\" Ulyssesknewthevoiceasthatofthegoddess:heflunghiscloakfromhimandsetofftorun。HisservantEurybates，amanofIthaca，whowaitedonhim，tookchargeofthecloak，whereonUlysseswentstraightuptoAgamemnonandreceivedfromhimhisancestral，imperishablestaff。WiththishewentaboutamongtheshipsoftheAchaeans。 Wheneverhemetakingorchieftain，hestoodbyhimandspokehimfairly。\"Sir，\"saidhe，\"thisflightiscowardlyandunworthy。Standtoyourpost，andbidyourpeoplealsokeeptheirplaces。YoudonotyetknowthefullmindofAgamemnon；hewassoundingus，anderelongwillvisittheAchaeanswithhisdispleasure。Wewerenotallofusatthecounciltohearwhathethensaid；seetoitlesthebeangryanddousamischief；fortheprideofkingsisgreat，andthehandofJoveiswiththem。\" Butwhenhecameacrossanycommonmanwhowasmakinganoise，hestruckhimwithhisstaffandrebukedhim，saying，\"Sirrah，holdyourpeace，andlistentobettermenthanyourself。Youareacowardandnosoldier；youarenobodyeitherinfightorcouncil；wecannotallbekings；itisnotwellthatthereshouldbemanymasters；onemanmustbesupreme-onekingtowhomthesonofschemingSaturnhasgiventhesceptreofsovereigntyoveryouall。\" Thusmasterfullydidhegoaboutamongthehost，andthepeoplehurriedbacktothecouncilfromtheirtentsandshipswithasoundasthethunderofsurfwhenitcomescrashingdownupontheshore，andalltheseaisinanuproar。 Therestnowtooktheirseatsandkepttotheirownseveralplaces，butThersitesstillwentonwagginghisunbridledtongue-amanofmanywords，andthoseunseemly；amongerofsedition，araileragainstallwhowereinauthority，whocarednotwhathesaid，sothathemightsettheAchaeansinalaugh。HewastheugliestmanofallthosethatcamebeforeTroy-bandy-legged，lameofonefoot，withhistwoshouldersroundedandhunchedoverhischest。Hisheadranuptoapoint，buttherewaslittlehaironthetopofit。 AchillesandUlysseshatedhimworstofall，foritwaswiththemthathewasmostwonttowrangle；now，however，withashrillsqueakyvoicehebeganheapinghisabuseonAgamemnon。TheAchaeanswereangryanddisgusted，yetnonethelesshekeptonbrawlingandbawlingatthesonofAtreus。 \"Agamemnon，\"hecried，\"whatailsyounow，andwhatmoredoyouwant？Yourtentsarefilledwithbronzeandwithfairwomen，forwheneverwetakeatownwegiveyouthepickofthem。Wouldyouhaveyetmoregold，whichsomeTrojanistogiveyouasaransomforhisson，whenIoranotherAchaeanhastakenhimprisoner？orisitsomeyounggirltohideandliewith？Itisnotwellthatyou，theruleroftheAchaeans，shouldbringthemintosuchmisery。Weaklingcowards，womenratherthanmen，letussailhome，andleavethisfellowhereatTroytostewinhisownmeedsofhonour，anddiscoverwhetherwewereofanyservicetohimorno。Achillesisamuchbettermanthanheis，andseehowhehastreatedhim-robbinghimofhisprizeandkeepingithimself。Achillestakesitmeeklyandshowsnofight；ifhedid，sonofAtreus，youwouldneveragaininsulthim。\" ThusrailedThersites，butUlyssesatoncewentuptohimandrebukedhimsternly。\"Checkyourglibtongue，Thersites，\"saidbe，\"andbabblenotawordfurther。Chidenotwithprinceswhenyouhavenonetobackyou。ThereisnovilercreaturecomebeforeTroywiththesonsofAtreus。Dropthischatteraboutkings，andneitherrevilethemnorkeepharpingaboutgoinghome。Wedonotyetknowhowthingsaregoingtobe，norwhethertheAchaeansaretoreturnwithgoodsuccessorevil。HowdareyougibeatAgamemnonbecausetheDanaanshaveawardedhimsomanyprizes？Itellyou，therefore-anditshallsurelybe-thatifIagaincatchyoutalkingsuchnonsense，IwilleitherforfeitmyownheadandbenomorecalledfatherofTelemachus，orIwilltakeyou，stripyoustarknaked，andwhipyououtoftheassemblytillyougoblubberingbacktotheships。\" Onthishebeathimwithhisstaffaboutthebackandshoulderstillhedroppedandfella-weeping。Thegoldensceptreraisedabloodywealonhisback，sohesatdownfrightenedandinpain，lookingfoolishashewipedthetearsfromhiseyes。Thepeopleweresorryforhim，yettheylaughedheartily，andonewouldturntohisneighboursaying，\"Ulysseshasdonemanyagoodthingerenowinfightandcouncil，butheneverdidtheArgivesabetterturnthanwhenhestoppedthisfellow’smouthfrompratingfurther。Hewillgivethekingsnomoreofhisinsolence。\" Thussaidthepeople。ThenUlyssesrose，sceptreinhand，andMinervainthelikenessofaheraldbadethepeoplebestill，thatthosewhowerefaroffmighthearhimandconsiderhiscouncil。Hethereforewithallsincerityandgoodwilladdressedthemthus:- \"KingAgamemnon，theAchaeansareformakingyouaby-wordamongallmankind。TheyforgetthepromisetheymadeyouwhentheysetoutfromArgos，thatyoushouldnotreturntillyouhadsackedthetownofTroy，and，likechildrenorwidowedwomen，theymurmurandwouldsetoffhomeward。Trueitisthattheyhavehadtoilenoughtobedisheartened。Amanchafesathavingtostayawayfromhiswifeevenforasinglemonth，whenheisonshipboard，atthemercyofwindandsea，butitisnowninelongyearsthatwehavebeenkepthere； Icannot，therefore，blametheAchaeansiftheyturnrestive；stillweshallbeshamedifwegohomeemptyaftersolongastay-therefore，myfriends，bepatientyetalittlelongerthatwemaylearnwhethertheprophesyingsofCalchaswerefalseortrue。 \"Allwhohavenotsinceperishedmustrememberasthoughitwereyesterdayorthedaybefore，howtheshipsoftheAchaeansweredetainedinAuliswhenwewereonourwayhithertomakewaronPriamandtheTrojans。Wewererangedroundaboutafountainofferinghecatombstothegodsupontheirholyaltars，andtherewasafineplane-treefrombeneathwhichtherewelledastreamofpurewater。Thenwesawaprodigy；forJovesentafearfulserpentoutoftheground，withblood-redstainsuponitsback，anditdartedfromunderthealtarontotheplane-tree。Nowtherewasabroodofyoungsparrows，quitesmall，uponthetopmostbough，peepingoutfromundertheleaves，eightinall，andtheirmotherthathatchedthemmadenine。Theserpentatethepoorcheepingthings，whiletheoldbirdflewaboutlamentingherlittleones；buttheserpentthrewhiscoilsaboutherandcaughtherbythewingasshewasscreaming。Then，whenhehadeatenboththesparrowandheryoung，thegodwhohadsenthimmadehimbecomeasign；forthesonofschemingSaturnturnedhimintostone，andwestoodtherewonderingatthatwhichhadcometopass。Seeing，then，thatsuchafearfulportenthadbrokeninuponourhecatombs，Calchasforthwithdeclaredtoustheoraclesofheaven。 ’Why，Achaeans，’saidhe，’areyouthusspeechless？Jovehassentusthissign，longincoming，andlongereitbefulfilled，thoughitsfameshalllastforever。Astheserpentatetheeightfledglingsandthesparrowthathatchedthem，whichmakesnine，soshallwefightnineyearsatTroy，butinthetenthshalltakethetown。’Thiswaswhathesaid，andnowitisallcomingtrue。Stayhere，therefore，allofyou，tillwetakethecityofPriam。\" OnthistheArgivesraisedashout，tilltheshipsrangagainwiththeuproar。Nestor，knightofGerene，thenaddressedthem。\"Shameonyou，\"hecried，\"tostaytalkingherelikechildren，whenyoushouldfightlikemen。Whereareourcovenantsnow，andwheretheoathsthatwehavetaken？Shallourcounselsbeflungintothefire，withourdrink-offeringsandtherighthandsoffellowshipwhereinwehaveputourtrust？Wewasteourtimeinwords，andforallourtalkinghereshallbenofurtherforward。Stand，therefore，sonofAtreus，byyourownsteadfastpurpose；leadtheArgivesontobattle，andleavethishandfulofmentorot，whoscheme，andschemeinvain，togetbacktoArgoseretheyhavelearnedwhetherJovebetrueoraliar。ForthemightysonofSaturnsurelypromisedthatweshouldsucceed，whenweArgivessetsailtobringdeathanddestructionupontheTrojans。Heshowedusfavourablesignsbyflashinghislightningonourrighthands；thereforeletnonemakehastetogotillhehasfirstlainwiththewifeofsomeTrojan，andavengedthetoilandsorrowthathehassufferedforthesakeofHelen。Nevertheless，ifanymanisinsuchhastetobeathomeagain，lethimlayhishandtohisshipthathemaymeethisdoominthesightofall。But，Oking，considerandgiveeartomycounsel，forthewordthatIsaymaynotbeneglectedlightly。Divideyourmen，Agamemnon，intotheirseveraltribesandclans，thatclansandtribesmaystandbyandhelponeanother。Ifyoudothis，andiftheAchaeansobeyyou，youwillfindoutwho，bothchiefsandpeoples，arebrave，andwhoarecowards；fortheywillvieagainsttheother。 Thusyoushallalsolearnwhetheritisthroughthecounselofheavenorthecowardiceofmanthatyoushallfailtotakethetown。\" AndAgamemnonanswered，\"Nestor，youhaveagainoutdonethesonsoftheAchaeansincounsel。Would，byFatherJove，Minerva，andApollo，thatIhadamongthemtenmoresuchcouncillors，forthecityofKingPriamwouldthensoonfallbeneathourhands，andweshouldsackit。ButthesonofSaturnafflictsmewithbootlesswranglingsandstrife。AchillesandIarequarrellingaboutthisgirl，inwhichmatterIwasthefirsttooffend；ifwecanbeofonemindagain，theTrojanswillnotstaveoffdestructionforaday。Now，therefore，getyourmorningmeal，thatourhostsjoininfight。Whetwellyourspears；seewelltotheorderingofyourshields；givegoodfeedstoyourhorses，andlookyourchariotscarefullyover，thatwemaydobattlethelivelongday；forweshallhavenorest，notforamoment，tillnightfallstopartus。Thebandsthatbearyourshieldsshallbewetwiththesweatuponyourshoulders，yourhandsshallwearyuponyourspears，yourhorsesshallsteaminfrontofyourchariots，andifIseeanymanshirkingthefight，ortryingtokeepoutofitattheships，thereshallbenohelpforhim，butheshallbeapreytodogsandvultures。\" Thushespoke，andtheAchaeansroaredapplause。Aswhenthewavesrunhighbeforetheblastofthesouthwindandbreakonsomeloftyheadland，dashingagainstitandbuffetingitwithoutceasing，asthestormsfromeveryquarterdrivethem，evensodidtheAchaeansriseandhurryinalldirectionstotheirships。Theretheylightedtheirfiresattheirtentsandgotdinner，offeringsacrificeeverymantooneorotherofthegods，andprayingeachoneofthemthathemightlivetocomeoutofthefight。Agamemnon，kingofmen，sacrificedafatfive-year-oldbulltothemightysonofSaturn，andinvitedtheprincesandeldersofhishost。FirstheaskedNestorandKingIdomeneus，thenthetwoAjaxesandthesonofTydeus，andsixthlyUlysses，peerofgodsincounsel；butMenelauscameofhisownaccord，forheknewhowbusyhisbrotherthenwas。Theystoodroundthebullwiththebarley-mealintheirhands，andAgamemnonprayed，saying，\"Jove，mostglorious，supreme，thatdwellestinheaven，andridestuponthestorm-cloud，grantthatthesunmaynotgodown，northenightfall，tillthepalaceofPriamislaidlow，anditsgatesareconsumedwithfire。GrantthatmyswordmaypiercetheshirtofHectorabouthisheart，andthatfullmanyofhiscomradesmaybitethedustastheyfalldyingroundhim。\" Thusheprayed，butthesonofSaturnwouldnotfulfilhisprayer。 Heacceptedthesacrifice，yetnonethelessincreasedtheirtoilcontinually。Whentheyhaddoneprayingandsprinklingthebarley-mealuponthevictim，theydrewbackitshead，killedit，andthenflayedit。Theycutoutthethigh-bones，wrappedthemroundintwolayersoffat，andsetpiecesofrawmeatonthetopofthem。Thesetheyburneduponthesplitlogsoffirewood，buttheyspittedtheinwardmeats，andheldthemintheflamestocook。Whenthethigh-boneswereburned，andtheyhadtastedtheinwardmeats，theycuttherestupsmall，putthepiecesuponspits，roastedthemtilltheyweredone，anddrewthemoff；then，whentheyhadfinishedtheirworkandthefeastwasready，theyateit，andeverymanhadhisfullshare，sothatallweresatisfied。Assoonastheyhadhadenoughtoeatanddrink，Nestor，knightofGerene，begantospeak。\"KingAgamemnon，\" saidhe，\"letusnotstaytalkinghere，norbeslackintheworkthatheavenhasputintoourhands。Lettheheraldssummonthepeopletogatherattheirseveralships；wewillthengoaboutamongthehost，thatwemaybeginfightingatonce。\" Thusdidhespeak，andAgamemnonheededhiswords。Heatoncesentthecriersroundtocallthepeopleinassembly。Sotheycalledthem，andthepeoplegatheredthereon。ThechiefsaboutthesonofAtreuschosetheirmenandmarshalledthem，whileMinervawentamongthemholdingherpricelessaegisthatknowsneitheragenordeath。 Fromittherewavedahundredtasselsofpuregold，alldeftlywoven，andeachoneofthemworthahundredoxen。WiththisshedartedfuriouslyeverywhereamongthehostsoftheAchaeans，urgingthemforward，andputtingcourageintotheheartofeach，sothathemightfightanddobattlewithoutceasing。Thuswarbecamesweeterintheireyeseventhanreturninghomeintheirships。Aswhensomegreatforestfireisraginguponamountaintopanditslightisseenafar，evensoastheymarchedthegleamoftheirarmourflashedupintothefirmamentofheaven。 Theywerelikegreatflocksofgeese，orcranes，orswansontheplainaboutthewatersofCayster，thatwingtheirwayhitherandthither，gloryingintheprideofflight，andcryingastheysettletillthefenisalivewiththeirscreaming。EventhusdidtheirtribespourfromshipsandtentsontotheplainoftheScamander，andthegroundrangasbrassunderthefeetofmenandhorses。Theystoodasthickupontheflower-bespangledfieldasleavesthatbloominsummer。 Ascountlessswarmsoffliesbuzzaroundaherdsman’shomesteadinthetimeofspringwhenthepailsaredrenchedwithmilk，evensodidtheAchaeansswarmontotheplaintochargetheTrojansanddestroythem。 Thechiefsdisposedtheirmenthiswayandthatbeforethefightbegan，draftingthemoutaseasilyasgoatherdsdrafttheirflockswhentheyhavegotmixedwhilefeeding；andamongthemwentKingAgamemnon，withaheadandfacelikeJovethelordofthunder，awaistlikeMars，andachestlikethatofNeptune。Assomegreatbullthatlordsitovertheherdsupontheplain，evensodidJovemakethesonofAtreusstandpeerlessamongthemultitudeofheroes。 Andnow，OMuses，dwellersinthemansionsofOlympus，tellme- foryouaregoddessesandareinallplacessothatyouseeallthings，whileweknownothingbutbyreport-whowerethechiefsandprincesoftheDanaans？Asforthecommonsoldiers，theyweresothatIcouldnotnameeverysingleoneofthemthoughIhadtentongues，andthoughmyvoicefailednotandmyheartwereofbronzewithinme，unlessyou，OOlympianMuses，daughtersofaegis-bearingJove，weretorecountthemtome。Nevertheless，Iwilltellthecaptainsoftheshipsandallthefleettogether。 Peneleos，Leitus，Arcesilaus，Prothoenor，andCloniuswerecaptainsoftheBoeotians。TheseweretheythatdweltinHyriaandrockyAulis，andwhoheldSchoenus，Scolus，andthehighlandsofEteonus，withThespeia，Graia，andthefaircityofMycalessus。TheyalsoheldHarma，Eilesium，andErythrae；andtheyhadEleon，Hyle，andPeteon；OcaleaandthestrongfortressofMedeon；Copae，Eutresis，andThisbethehauntofdoves；Coronea，andthepasturesofHaliartus； PlataeaandGlisas；thefortressofThebestheless；holyOnchestuswithitsfamousgroveofNeptune；Arnerichinvineyards；Midea，sacredNisa，andAnthedonuponthesea。Fromthesetherecamefiftyships，andineachtherewereahundredandtwentyyoungmenoftheBoeotians。 AscalaphusandIalmenus，sonsofMars，ledthepeoplethatdweltinAspledonandOrchomenustherealmofMinyas。AstyocheanoblemaidenboretheminthehouseofActorsonofAzeus；forshehadgonewithMarssecretlyintoanupperchamber，andhehadlainwithher。Withthesetherecamethirtyships。 ThePhoceanswereledbySchediusandEpistrophus，sonsofmightyIphitusthesonofNaubolus。TheseweretheythatheldCyparissus，rockyPytho，holyCrisa，Daulis，andPanopeus；theyalsothatdweltinAnemoreaandHyampolis，andaboutthewatersoftheriverCephissus，andLilaeabythespringsoftheCephissus；withtheirchieftainscamefortyships，andtheymarshalledtheforcesofthePhoceans，whichwerestationednexttotheBoeotians，ontheirleft。 Ajax，thefleetsonofOileus，commandedtheLocrians。Hewasnotsogreat，nornearlysogreat，asAjaxthesonofTelamon。Hewasalittleman，andhisbreastplatewasmadeoflinen，butinuseofthespearheexcelledalltheHellenesandtheAchaeans。ThesedweltinCynus，Opous，Calliarus，Bessa，Scarphe，fairAugeae，Tarphe，andThroniumabouttheriverBoagrius。WithhimtherecamefortyshipsoftheLocrianswhodwellbeyondEuboea。 ThefierceAbantesheldEuboeawithitscities，Chalcis，Eretria，Histiaearichinvines，Cerinthusuponthesea，andtherock-perchedtownofDium；withthemwerealsothemenofCarystusandStyra； ElephenoroftheraceofMarswasincommandofthese；hewassonofChalcodon，andchiefoveralltheAbantes。Withhimtheycame，fleetoffootandwearingtheirhairlongbehind，bravewarriors，whowouldeverstrivetotearopenthecorsletsoftheirfoeswiththeirlongashenspears。Ofthesetherecamefiftyships。 AndtheythatheldthestrongcityofAthens，thepeopleofgreatErechtheus，whowasbornofthesoilitself，butJove’sdaughter，Minerva，fosteredhim，andestablishedhimatAthensinherownrichsanctuary。There，yearbyyear，theAthenianyouthsworshiphimwithsacrificesofbullsandrams。ThesewerecommandedbyMenestheus，sonofPeteos。Nomanlivingcouldequalhiminthemarshallingofchariotsandfootsoldiers。Nestorcouldalonerivalhim，forhewasolder。Withhimtherecamefiftyships。 AjaxbroughttwelveshipsfromSalamis，andstationedthemalongsidethoseoftheAthenians。 ThemenofArgos，again，andthosewhoheldthewallsofTiryns，withHermione，andAsineuponthegulf；Troezene，Eionae，andthevineyardlandsofEpidaurus；theAchaeanyouths，moreover，whocamefromAeginaandMases；thesewereledbyDiomedoftheloudbattle-cry，andSthenelussonoffamedCapaneus。WiththemincommandwasEuryalus，sonofkingMecisteus，sonofTalaus；butDiomedwaschiefoverthemall。Withthesetherecameeightyships。 ThosewhoheldthestrongcityofMycenae，richCorinthandCleonae； Orneae，Araethyrea，andLicyon，whereAdrastusreignedofold； Hyperesia，highGonoessa，andPellene；Aegiumandallthecoast-landroundaboutHelice；thesesentahundredshipsunderthecommandofKingAgamemnon，sonofAtreus。Hisforcewasfarbothfinestandmostnumerous，andintheirmidstwasthekinghimself，allgloriousinhisarmourofgleamingbronze-foremostamongtheheroes，forhewasthegreatestking，andhadmostmenunderhim。 AndthosethatdweltinLacedaemon，lyinglowamongthehills，Pharis，Sparta，withMessethehauntofdoves；Bryseae，Augeae，Amyclae，andHelosuponthesea；Laas，moreover，andOetylus；thesewereledbyMenelausoftheloudbattle-cry，brothertoAgamemnon，andofthemthereweresixtyships，drawnupapartfromtheothers。 AmongthemwentMenelaushimself，stronginzeal，urginghismentofight；forhelongedtoavengethetoilandsorrowthathehadsufferedforthesakeofHelen。 ThemenofPylosandArene，andThryumwhereisthefordoftheriverAlpheus；strongAipy，Cyparisseis，andAmphigenea；Pteleum，Helos，andDorium，wheretheMusesmetThamyris，andstilledhisminstrelsyforever。HewasreturningfromOechalia，whereEurytuslivedandreigned，andboastedthathewouldsurpasseventheMuses，daughtersofaegis-bearingJove，iftheyshouldsingagainsthim； whereontheywereangry，andmaimedhim。Theyrobbedhimofhisdivinepowerofsong，andthenceforthhecouldstrikethelyrenomore。ThesewerecommandedbyNestor，knightofGerene，andwithhimtherecameninetyships。 AndthosethatheldArcadia，underthehighmountainofCyllene，nearthetombofAepytus，wherethepeoplefighthandtohand；themenofPheneusalso，andOrchomenusrichinflocks；ofRhipae，Stratie，andbleakEnispe；ofTegeaandfairMantinea；ofStymphelusandParrhasia；oftheseKingAgapenorsonofAncaeuswascommander，andtheyhadsixtyships。ManyArcadians，goodsoldiers，cameineachoneofthem，butAgamemnonfoundthemtheshipsinwhichtocrossthesea，fortheywerenotapeoplethatoccupiedtheirbusinessuponthewaters。 Themen，moreover，ofBuprasiumandofElis，somuchofitasisenclosedbetweenHyrmine，Myrsinusuponthesea-shore，therockOleneandAlesium。Thesehadfourleaders，andeachofthemhadtenships，withmanyEpeansonboard。TheircaptainswereAmphimachusandThalpius-theone，sonofCteatus，andtheother，ofEurytus-bothoftheraceofActor。ThetwootherswereDiores，sonofAmarynces，andPolyxenus，sonofKingAgasthenes，sonofAugeas。 AndthoseofDulichiumwiththesacredEchineanislands，whodweltbeyondtheseaoffElis；thesewereledbyMeges，peerofMars，andthesonofvaliantPhyleus，deartoJove，whoquarrelledwithhisfather，andwenttosettleinDulichium。Withhimtherecamefortyships。 UlyssesledthebraveCephallenians，whoheldIthaca，Neritumwithitsforests，Crocylea，ruggedAegilips，SamosandZacynthus，withthemainlandalsothatwasoveragainsttheislands。ThesewereledbyUlysses，peerofJoveincounsel，andwithhimtherecametwelveships。 Thoas，sonofAndraemon，commandedtheAetolians，whodweltinPleuron，Olenus，Pylene，Chalcisbythesea，androckyCalydon，forthegreatkingOeneushadnownosonsliving，andwashimselfdead，aswasalsogolden-hairedMeleager，whohadbeensetovertheAetolianstobetheirking。AndwithThoastherecamefortyships。 ThefamousspearsmanIdomeneusledtheCretans，whoheldCnossus，andthewell-walledcityofGortys；Lyctusalso，MiletusandLycastusthatliesuponthechalk；thepopuloustownsofPhaestusandRhytium，withtheotherpeoplesthatdweltinthehundredcitiesofCrete。AllthesewereledbyIdomeneus，andbyMeriones，peerofmurderousMars。Andwiththesetherecameeightyships。 Tlepolemus，sonofHercules，amanbothbraveandlargeofstature，broughtnineshipsoflordlywarriorsfromRhodes。ThesedweltinRhodeswhichisdividedamongthethreecitiesofLindus，Ielysus，andCameirus，thatliesuponthechalk。ThesewerecommandedbyTlepolemus，sonofHerculesbyAstyochea，whomhehadcarriedofffromEphyra，ontheriverSelleis，aftersackingmanycitiesofvaliantwarriors。WhenTlepolemusgrewup，hekilledhisfather’suncleLicymnius，whohadbeenafamouswarriorinhistime，butwasthengrownold。Onthishebuilthimselfafleet，gatheredagreatfollowing，andfledbeyondthesea，forhewasmenacedbytheothersonsandgrandsonsofHercules。Afteravoyage。duringwhichhesufferedgreathardship，hecametoRhodes，wherethepeopledividedintothreecommunities，accordingtotheirtribes，andweredearlylovedbyJove，thelord，ofgodsandmen；whereforethesonofSaturnshowereddowngreatrichesuponthem。 AndNireusbroughtthreeshipsfromSyme-Nireus，whowasthehandsomestmanthatcameupunderIliusofalltheDanaansafterthesonofPeleus-buthewasamanofnosubstance，andhadbutasmallfollowing。 AndthosethatheldNisyrus，Crapathus，andCasus，withCos，thecityofEurypylus，andtheCalydnianislands，thesewerecommandedbyPheidippusandAntiphus，twosonsofKingThessalusthesonofHercules。Andwiththemtherecamethirtyships。 ThoseagainwhoheldPelasgicArgos，Alos，Alope，andTrachis；andthoseofPhthiaandHellasthelandoffairwomen，whowerecalledMyrmidons，Hellenes，andAchaeans；thesehadfiftyships，overwhichAchilleswasincommand。Buttheynowtooknopartinthewar，inasmuchastherewasnoonetomarshalthem；forAchillesstayedbyhisships，furiousaboutthelossofthegirlBriseis，whomhehadtakenfromLyrnessusathisowngreatperil，whenhehadsackedLyrnessusandThebe，andhadoverthrownMynesandEpistrophus，sonsofkingEvenor，sonofSelepus。ForhersakeAchilleswasstillgrieving，buterelonghewasagaintojointhem。 AndthosethatheldPhylaceandtheflowerymeadowsofPyrasus，sanctuaryofCeres；Iton，themotherofsheep；Antrumuponthesea，andPteleumthatliesuponthegrasslands。OfthesebraveProtesilaushadbeencaptainwhilehewasyetalive，buthewasnowlyingundertheearth。HehadleftawifebehindhiminPhylacetotearhercheeksinsorrow，andhishousewasonlyhalffinished，forhewasslainbyaDardanianwarriorwhileleapingforemostoftheAchaeansuponthesoilofTroy。Still，thoughhispeoplemournedtheirchieftain，theywerenotwithoutaleader，forPodarces，oftheraceofMars，marshalledthem；hewassonofIphiclus，richinsheep，whowasthesonofPhylacus，andhewasownbrothertoProtesilaus，onlyyounger，Protesilausbeingatoncetheelderandthemorevaliant。Sothepeoplewerenotwithoutaleader，thoughtheymournedhimwhomtheyhadlost。Withhimtherecamefortyships。 AndthosethatheldPheraebytheBoebeanlake，withBoebe，Glaphyrae，andthepopulouscityofIolcus，thesewiththeirelevenshipswereledbyEumelus，sonofAdmetus，whomAlcestisboretohim，loveliestofthedaughtersofPelias。 AndthosethatheldMethoneandThaumacia，withMeliboeaandruggedOlizon，thesewereledbytheskilfularcherPhiloctetes，andtheyhadsevenships，eachwithfiftyoarsmenallofthemgoodarchers；butPhilocteteswaslyingingreatpainintheIslandofLemnos，wherethesonsoftheAchaeanslefthim，forhehadbeenbittenbyapoisonouswatersnake。Therehelaysickandsorry，andfullsoondidtheArgivescometomisshim。Buthispeople，thoughtheyfelthislosswerenotleaderless，forMedon，thebastardsonofOileusbyRhene，settheminarray。 Those，again，ofTriccaandthestonyregionofIthome，andtheythatheldOechalia，thecityofOechalianEurytus，thesewerecommandedbythetwosonsofAesculapius，skilledintheartofhealing，PodaliriusandMachaon。Andwiththemtherecamethirtyships。 Themen，moreover，ofOrmenius，andbythefountainofHypereia，withthosethatheldAsterius，andthewhitecrestsofTitanus，thesewereledbyEurypylus，thesonofEuaemon，andwiththemtherecamefortyships。 ThosethatheldArgissaandGyrtone，Orthe，Elone，andthewhitecityofOloosson，ofthesebravePolypoeteswasleader。HewassonofPirithous，whowassonofJovehimself，forHippodameiaborehimtoPirithousonthedaywhenhetookhisrevengeontheshaggymountainsavagesanddrovethemfromMt。PeliontotheAithices。ButPolypoeteswasnotsoleincommand，forwithhimwasLeonteus，oftheraceofMars，whowassonofCoronus，thesonofCaeneus。Andwiththesetherecamefortyships。 GuneusbroughttwoandtwentyshipsfromCyphus，andhewasfollowedbytheEnienesandthevaliantPeraebi，whodweltaboutwintryDodona，andheldthelandsroundthelovelyriverTitaresius，whichsendsitswatersintothePeneus。TheydonotminglewiththesilvereddiesofthePeneus，butflowonthetopofthemlikeoil；fortheTitaresiusisabranchofdreadOrcusandoftheriverStyx。 OftheMagnetes，ProthoussonofTenthredonwascommander。TheyweretheythatdweltabouttheriverPeneusandMt。Pelion。Prothous，fleetoffoot，wastheirleader，andwithhimtherecamefortyships。 SuchwerethechiefsandprincesoftheDanaans。Who，then，O Muse，wastheforemost，whethermanorhorse，amongthosethatfollowedafterthesonsofAtreus？ Ofthehorses，thoseofthesonofPhereswerebyfarthefinest。 TheyweredrivenbyEumelus，andwereasfleetasbirds。Theywereofthesameageandcolour，andperfectlymatchedinheight。Apollo，ofthesilverbow，hadbredtheminPerea-bothofthemmares，andterribleasMarsinbattle。Ofthemen，Ajax，sonofTelamon，wasmuchtheforemostsolongasAchilles’angerlasted，forAchillesexcelledhimgreatlyandhehadalsobetterhorses；butAchilleswasnowholdingaloofathisshipsbyreasonofhisquarrelwithAgamemnon，andhispeoplepassedtheirtimeupontheseashore，throwingdiscsoraimingwithspearsatamark，andinarchery。 Theirhorsesstoodeachbyhisownchariot，champinglotusandwildcelery。Thechariotswerehousedundercover，buttheirowners，forlackofleadership，wanderedhitherandthitheraboutthehostandwentnotforthtofight。 Thusmarchedthehostlikeaconsumingfire，andtheearthgroanedbeneaththemwhenthelordofthunderisangryandlashesthelandaboutTyphoeusamongtheArimi，wheretheysayTyphoeuslies。Evensodidtheearthgroanbeneaththemastheyspedovertheplain。 AndnowIris，fleetasthewind，wassentbyJovetotellthebadnewsamongtheTrojans。Theyweregatheredinassembly，oldandyoung，atPriam’sgates，andIriscamecloseuptoPriam，speakingwiththevoiceofPriam’ssonPolites，who，beingfleetoffoot，wasstationedaswatchmanfortheTrojansonthetombofoldAesyetes，tolookoutforanysallyoftheAchaeans。InhislikenessIrisspoke，saying，\"Oldman，youtalkidly，asintimeofpeace，whilewarisathand。Ihavebeeninmanyabattle，butneveryetsawsuchahostasisnowadvancing。Theyarecrossingtheplaintoattackthecityasthickasleavesorasthesandsofthesea。Hector，Ichargeyouaboveallothers，doasIsay。TherearemanyalliesdispersedaboutthecityofPriamfromdistantplacesandspeakingdiverstongues。 Therefore，leteachchiefgiveorderstohisownpeople，settingthemseverallyinarrayandleadingthemforthtobattle。\" Thusshespoke，butHectorknewthatitwasthegoddess，andatoncebrokeuptheassembly。Themenflewtoarms；allthegateswereopened，andthepeoplethrongedthroughthem，horseandfoot，withthetrampasofagreatmultitude。 Nowthereisahighmoundbeforethecity，risingbyitselfupontheplain。MencallitBatieia，butthegodsknowthatitisthetomboflitheMyrine。HeretheTrojansandtheiralliesdividedtheirforces。