第2章

类别:其他 作者:Charles Oliver字数:4703更新时间:18/12/15 14:56:31
7。 Marsiscarriedaroundthesunbyitsplanetcurrentatadistanceof140,000,000miles,whichrequires687days,androtatesevery24 hours,37minutes,and221/2seconds。Diameter,4,200miles。Marshastwosatellitesandisnotabundantinvaporwhichcausesitsreddishappearance,thereforevegetationandanimalsarescanty。 8。 Jupiteristhelargestmajorplanet。Itmakesagreatjumpfromthesunof483,000,000miles,carriedbyitsplanetcurrenttocompleteitsorbitin12years。Rotatesevery9hours,55minutes,and37 seconds。Diameter,88,000miles;hassevensatellites。Theclimatehasaveryeventemperatureduetoitsfastrotation。 9。 Saturn,thebeautyoftheskies,carriedbyitsplanetcurrentaroundthesunatitsmaindistanceof883,000,000miles(agreaterdistanceof400,000,000milesthanJupiter)whichrequiresabout291/2years。 Rotatesonceevery10hours,14minutes,and23seconds。Diameter,75,000miles。Ithastensatellitesandthreeringsofunconcentratedmaterial。Thecaperingisabout9,000milesacross,theothertwoabout16,000each。Diameterofringsabout170,000miles,whichmakestheringsveryclosetothesurface。 10。 Uranusiscarriedbyitsplanetcurrentaroundthesunatagreatdistanceof1,778,000,000miles,whichrequiresabout84years。Rateofrotationunknown。Diameter,31,000miles。Ithasfoursatellites。 11。 Neptuneisthefarthestfromthesun。Itsmaindistancebeing2,792,000,000miles;carriedbyitsplanetcurrentoveritsorbitoncein164years,9months。Diameter,37,000miles。Periodofrotationunknown。Hasonesatellite。AtNeptunewehaven\'ttakenastepbutournextneighborisacrossthedivide。LetushaveafairydreamandtravelfromthesuntoNeptuneinastraightordirectcourseattherateof1,000,000milesanhour;itwouldtakeus1161/3daystoreachNeptune。 [Figure:Linedrawing,captioned\"Thesolarsystem。\"] CHAPTERIV ACROSSTHEDIVIDE 1。 Crossingthedivide(Abyss)weencounterothersystemsofabout25,000,000,000,orthefirstmagnitude。Ourmostpowerfulglassreachesthe16th。 Magnitudeisveryunevenandirregular,andbeyondthisthereisnoend。 2。 Manyconstellationshavemorethanonesun,whileothersaredouble,quadruple,andmultiple。Itisestimatedabrilliantstar,andcanbeseen;oftheseoveramillionhavebeencataloguedandonlyabout25 whosedistancehavebeenmeasured。 CHAPTERV FLOURISHMENTOFTHEEARTH 1。 Theearthreacheditsstateofconcentration,andthevaporingreatcloudsenvelopedtheheaviersubstance。Theearthbeingheavedupbyvolcanoes(causedbythevaporcomingincontactwiththeheatedmaterial);asthevaporreacheditsstate,rainfellontheearthcrust,andthusrivers,lakes,andoceanswereformed。 2。 Hereanimalandvegetablematterbegantoflourish。 3。 Greatdepositsofprotoplasmbecameconcentratedovertheearth\'ssurface;fromthedepositssprangallkindsofvegetablesandanimalsthatflourish,andmanymorefamiliesthaninhabittheearthto-daybecameextinct。 4。 Vegetablematterbegantoflourishasitssemenbecameconcentrated,likewiseanimalmatter。(Thistakesplaceto-dayindifferentways,principallyinMarinevarites。SeeChap。I,par。6。) 5。 Reproductionsinallfamiliesthatflourish;somefamiliesmixandtheiroffspringwillnotreproduce。(Lifecannotbedestroyed,butflourishmentcan。) 6。 Mancamefromdepositsofprotoplasm(semen)asisproducedforreproductionofmanto-day。Thedepositswereofdifferentkinds; eachdepositbroughtforthitsownbranchofhumanity,thesebranchesbeingofdifferenttypeandtongue。Laterthetongueofonebranchbecamelearnedbytheother。Fromthedifferentoriginaltongueswillgiveusagoodestimateofdepositsinnumber。 7。 Babieswerenourishedintheprotoplasmdepositsthesameastheyareintheirmother\'swomb。Thisnourishmentcamefromtheabundanceofalbumenwhichaccompaniedthesemeninconcentrating。Asthebabiesmaturedtheybrokethecrustofthedepositofprotoplasmandputforththeirheadsandbreathedtheair;theirbodiesstillremainedinthealbumenuntiltheygainedstrengthtofeedthemselvesonthealbumen。Herethebabiesbrokethecord(navelcord)thatbroughtnourishmentintotheirbodies,asinthewombofamother,andcrawledaroundoverthecrustofthedepositwheretheycame,feedingonitscrustbyputtingitintotheirmouths。Thebabehasnotforgottenityet,aseverythinghegetsthathecanhandlegoestohismouth。Helearnedtowalkandtalktohisbrothersandsisters,andcomposedalanguageoftheirown。Heremanhoodandwomanhoodisreached。 8。 Allanimalscameinlikemanner,butwithoutafluentlanguage。 9。 Vegetablematterflourishedandtheearthisinhabited。Allbodiesthathaveatmosphereareinhabited。Atmosphereisvaporizedprotoplasm。 10。 Tenoftheprincipalmaterialsthatproduceflourishmentarecarbon,hydrogen,oxygen,phosphorus,potassium,nitrogen,sulphur,calcium,ironandmagnesium;protoplasmcontainseverything;chemistshavenotbeenabletodetermineandclassifyprotoplasm。(SeeChap。I,par。 7。) 11。 Humanityvariedmuchinsize。Thegianttribe(suchasthepetrifiedCardiffGiant)haslongbeenextinct。Menofthistypeweighed500 poundsandmore,measurednearly12feetinheight,whileourmidgetsmeasureunder2feet。 12。 Hermaphroditesexistinallmaterialthatflourishes。Malformation。 CHAPTERVI ANIMALMAGNETISM 1。 Everyanimalhasitsownmagnetismwhichisitssourceofstrengthandintelligence。Theglands,nerves,andductsarebatteries,ductsandglandsstoragebatteries,thenervesmotiveandsensation(orintelligence)。Thebrainistheprincipalbatteryofsensation(orintelligence),whiletheheartistheprincipalmotivebattery。 2。 Thechildbeginstotrainhimselftomakeuseofhislimbs,firstbyswinginghisarmsandlegs,secondbycreeping,thirdbywalking。 Noteachildfeedingitself,howunsteadyheisingettinghisfoodtohismouth;sometimeshisspoonmisseshismouthandthefoodisspilled,forwhichheusuallyreceivesaslap,althoughhehasdisplayedallhisenergyingettinghisfoodinhismouth。Nextwefindhimatrainedathleteandskilledlaborer,capableofapplyinghimselftomostanythinghecarestodo。 3。 Butlittleattentionispaidtothetrainingofanimalmagnetism。Anyonewithnervesinhisteethcanconcentratemagnetismintheteeth,soitcanbeeasilyfelt,alsothelips;bytrainingthemagnetismitcanbeconcentratedinanypartofthebody。Thistakesconstantpracticeandcouldbeusedwhenonehasanydisabilitybyconcentratingthemagnetisminthedisabledpart,causingthebloodtocirculatemorefreelyatthepointwherethemagnetismisconcentrated,andthusimprovingthedisabledpart。Theosteologistdoesthisbymassage,therealfaithcuremanbyconcentratinghismagnetismonthepatient,thepractitionerusesmedicineanddrugs,eachhavingtheirownmagnetism,etc。Accordinglymanydiseasesarecontagiousbypeoplebecominginoculatedbymildmagnetismwhichcomesfromsomekindofmatter。(SeeChap。I,par。7。) 4。 Thehypnotistormesmeristgainscontrolofhisopponentsthroughanimalmagnetismandcontrolseverymovement。Thenervesceasetoactandthehypnotistisboss。Thepatientcanbemadetoexertgreatstrengthandpassdangerouspointswithoutfalling。Ahypnotistormesmeristisinvariablyinpoorhealthandflesh。Thisiscausedbytheover-taxationofhisownnervesandducts。 6。 Animalmagnetismcanheusedlikewirelesstelegraphy。MissHelenKellarisoneofthebestknownfortelepathy。Shewasbornblind,alsodeafanddumb。Sheisagreatlinguistandwelleducated。 7。 Thedumbanimalsintheirwildstateusetelepathymuchwhenencounteringdanger;theirkeenscentofthedeer,horse,etc。,enablesthemtodeterminethedirectionoftheenemy。 8。 Predestinationiscultivatedandinmostinstancescomestrue。I observedthisinthecaseofWilliamMcKinley,martyredPresidentoftheUnitedStatesofAmerica,whosaidhewantedtofollowinthefootstepsofJamesA。Garfield,alsomartyredPresident。Letusseehownearlyhecamefollowinginhisfootsteps:Borninthesamelocality,Presidentofthesamecountry,eachsupportedaplatformofgoodcurrency,eachassassinatedinthesamemonth,andintheseatofthePresidency。Bothdiedalingeringdeath;thedifferenceinthelengthoftimeoftheirflourishmentwas8monthsand7days。 [Figures:PhotographsofWilliamMcKinleyandJamesA。Garfield。] 9。 Nextobservetheoldintheirfeeblenessandweseethesewelltrainedhandstremble;theglandductsandnervesarewithering,theanimalmagnetismisweakening,whichrendersthemchildish。 10。 Theducts,glands,andnervesthrowofftheirmagnetisminmanydifferentways,inexertion,fright,fear,anguish,discontent,happiness,kindness,loveliness,desire,etc。 Dr。T。B。RobertsondiscoveredthatTethelin(locatedinthepituitarybodyatthebaseofthebrain)producesthegrowthofthebody。 CHAPTERVII MISCELLANEOUS 1。 Lightningiscausedbythefrictionofvapor,whichisatasuitabletemperature。Thustwoormorecurrentsofaircomingtogetherwillcauselightning,asthefrictionconcentratestheelectricity,andasthereisnoconductortheheavyvoltagefliesusuallytowardthenearestconductor。Thisvoltageissogreatthatitexplodestheair。 Theaircomingtogetheragainproducesagreatvibration,calledthunder。 2。 AuroraBorealis。Theoutercirclearoundtheearthrepresentsatmosphere。Thesuncurrentcarriesitfarfromtheearth\'ssurface。 Atthenorth,whenthesun\'sreflectionstrikestheearth\'scrustinsuchamanner,itsreflectionwillbeseenintheatmosphereatagreatheight,calledNorthernLights。ThisismostlyseeninNovember,December,andJanuary。 [Figure:Uncaptionedlinedrawing(accompanyingtheparagraphabove) oftheEarth\'sorbitaboutthesun。] 3。 ThemuseumofAlexandriawasestablishedabout400yearsB。C。,forthepurposeofrestoringsciencethathadbeenlostthousandsofyearsbefore。 Thecultivationofknowledgebyexperiment,observation,andmathematicaldiscussions:thiswasthebirthofascienceofto-day。 Thelibrarycontainedmanythousandsofvolumesofbooks,butwasdestroyedbyCyril;agirlinchargeofthelibrarybythenameofHypatiawasbrutallykilledandthefleshwasscrapedfromherboneswithseashells。Thisoccurredin414A。D。 AlexanderdiedatBabylon323B。C。 China,Mesopotamia,andIndiahadmadeastronomicalobservationsatthisearlydate。Mostoftheselearningsweredestroyed。Brono,IsaacNewton,Brably,andsomefewothers,promotedsciencebytheirdiscoveriesofwhatisto-day。\"GoodWilltoman。\"